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We consider solving the low rank matrix sensing problem with Factorized Gradient Descend (FGD) method when the true rank is unknown and over-specified, which we refer to as over-parameterized matrix sensing. If the ground truth signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Jiacheng Zhuo , Jeongyeol Kwon , Nhat Ho , Constantine Caramanis

The low-rank matrix recovery problem often arises in various fields, including signal processing, machine learning, and imaging science. The Riemannian gradient descent (RGD) algorithm has proven to be an efficient algorithm for solving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Fengmiao Bian , Jian-Feng Cai , Rui Zhang

We study the projected gradient descent method on low-rank matrix problems with a strongly convex objective. We use the Burer-Monteiro factorization approach to implicitly enforce low-rankness; such factorization introduces non-convexity in…

For the problem of reconstructing a low-rank matrix from a few linear measurements, two classes of algorithms have been widely studied in the literature: convex approaches based on nuclear norm minimization, and non-convex approaches that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-29 Dominik Stöger , Yizhe Zhu

This paper studies the problem of recovering a low-rank matrix from several noisy random linear measurements. We consider the setting where the rank of the ground-truth matrix is unknown a priori and use an objective function built from a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Lijun Ding , Zhen Qin , Liwei Jiang , Jinxin Zhou , Zhihui Zhu

We study the robust recovery of a low-rank matrix from sparsely and grossly corrupted Gaussian measurements, with no prior knowledge on the intrinsic rank. We consider the robust matrix factorization approach. We employ a robust $\ell_1$…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-27 Lijun Ding , Liwei Jiang , Yudong Chen , Qing Qu , Zhihui Zhu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) still is the workhorse for many practical problems. However, it converges slow, and can be difficult to tune. It is possible to precondition SGD to accelerate its convergence remarkably. But many attempts…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-23 Xi-Lin Li

Preconditioning is a crucial operation in gradient-based numerical optimisation. It helps decrease the local condition number of a function by appropriately transforming its gradient. For a convex function, where the gradient can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Dmitrii A. Pasechnyuk , Alexander Gasnikov , Martin Takáč

We introduce a perturbed preconditioned gradient descent (PPGD) method for the unconstrained minimization of a strongly convex objective $G$ with a locally Lipschitz continuous gradient. We assume that $G(v)=E(v)+F(v)$ and that the gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Jea-Hyun Park , Abner J. Salgado , Steven M. Wise

Implicit regularization refers to the tendency of local search algorithms to converge to low-dimensional solutions, even when such structures are not explicitly enforced. Despite its ubiquity, the mechanism underlying this behavior remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Jianhao Ma , Geyu Liang , Salar Fattahi

Recent years have seen a flurry of activities in designing provably efficient nonconvex procedures for solving statistical estimation problems. Due to the highly nonconvex nature of the empirical loss, state-of-the-art procedures often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Cong Ma , Kaizheng Wang , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

Recently, there has been significant progress in understanding the convergence and generalization properties of gradient-based methods for training overparameterized learning models. However, many aspects including the role of small random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Dominik Stöger , Changzhi Xie

Low-rank matrix estimation plays a central role in various applications across science and engineering. Recently, nonconvex formulations based on matrix factorization are provably solved by simple gradient descent algorithms with strong…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Cong Ma , Yuanxin Li , Yuejie Chi

Several key questions remain unanswered regarding overparameterized learning models. It is unclear how (stochastic) gradient descent finds solutions that generalize well, and in particular the role of small random initializations. Matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Johan S. Wind

We consider alternating gradient descent (AGD) with fixed step size applied to the asymmetric matrix factorization objective. We show that, for a rank-$r$ matrix $\mathbf{A} \in \mathbb{R}^{m \times n}$, $T = C…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Rachel Ward , Tamara G. Kolda

Adaptive regularization methods pre-multiply a descent direction by a preconditioning matrix. Due to the large number of parameters of machine learning problems, full-matrix preconditioning methods are prohibitively expensive. We show how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Naman Agarwal , Brian Bullins , Xinyi Chen , Elad Hazan , Karan Singh , Cyril Zhang , Yi Zhang

We study the problem of symmetric matrix completion, where the goal is to reconstruct a positive semidefinite matrix $\rm{X}^\star \in \mathbb{R}^{d\times d}$ of rank-$r$, parameterized by $\rm{U}\rm{U}^{\top}$, from only a subset of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Jianhao Ma , Salar Fattahi

Gradient descent dynamics on the deep matrix factorization problem is extensively studied as a simplified theoretical model for deep neural networks. Although the convergence theory for two-layer matrix factorization is well-established, no…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Minrui Luo , Weihang Xu , Xiang Gao , Maryam Fazel , Simon Shaolei Du

Composite optimization problems involve minimizing the composition of a smooth map with a convex function. Such objectives arise in numerous data science and signal processing applications, including phase retrieval, blind deconvolution,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Mateo Díaz , Liwei Jiang , Abdel Ghani Labassi

We study the training dynamics of gradient descent in a softmax self-attention layer trained to perform linear regression and show that a simple first-order optimization algorithm can converge to the globally optimal self-attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Gautam Goel , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Peter Bartlett