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Quantum metrology leverages quantum resources such as entanglement and squeezing to enhance parameter estimation precision beyond classical limits. While optimal quantum control strategies can assist to reach or even surpass the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Qifei Wei , Shengshi Pang

Quantum metrology aims to enhance measurement precision beyond the classical limit by leveraging quantum resources. Unlike multi-parameter dynamic quantum metrology, many questions regarding multiparameter quantum metrology at thermal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Zhu Cao

We investigate the optimal estimation of a quantum process that can possibly consist of multiple time steps. The estimation is implemented by a quantum network that interacts with the process by sending an input and processing the output at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-11 G. Chiribella

We present a comprehensive and pedagogical formulation of Bayesian multiparameter quantum estimation. Within this framework, we analyse the role of measurement incompatibility and establish its quantitative effect on attainable precision.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Francesco Albarelli , Dominic Branford , Jesús Rubio

A trade-off relation on our knowledge about two noncommuting observables of a qubit system in simultaneous measurement is formulated. The obtained inequality offers a quantitative information-theoretic representation of Bohr's principle of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yuji Kurotani , Takahiro Sagawa , Masahito Ueda

In multi-parameter quantum metrology, the resource of entanglement can lead to an increase in efficiency of the estimation process. Entanglement can be used in the state preparation stage, or the measurement stage, or both, to harness this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Aritra Das , Lorcán O. Conlon , Jun Suzuki , Simon K. Yung , Ping K. Lam , Syed M. Assad

This tutorial introduces a systematic approach for addressing the key question of quantum metrology: For a generic task of sensing an unknown parameter, what is the ultimate precision given a constrained set of admissible strategies. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Qiushi Liu , Zihao Hu , Haidong Yuan , Yuxiang Yang

Uncertainty relations and quantum entanglement are pivotal concepts in quantum theory. Beyond their fundamental significance in shaping our understanding of the quantum world, they also underpin crucial applications in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-18 Yundu Zhao , Shan Huang , Shengjun Wu

In the quest to unlock the maximum potential of quantum sensors, it is of paramount importance to have practical measurement strategies that can estimate incompatible parameters with best precisions possible. However, it is still not known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Masahito Hayashi , Yingkai Ouyang

We consider the problem of a state determination for a two-level quantum system which can be in one of two nonorthogonal mixed states. It is proved that for the two independent identical systems the optimal combined measurement (which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Allahverdyan , D. B. Saakian

Useful quantum metrology requires nonclassical states with a high particle number and (close to) the optimal exploitation of the state's quantum correlations. Unfortunately, the single-particle detection resolution demanded by conventional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Samuel P. Nolan , Stuart S. Szigeti , Simon A. Haine

We study quantum metrology for unitary dynamics. Analytic solutions are given for both the optimal unitary state preparation starting from an arbitrary mixed state and the corresponding optimal measurement precision. This represents a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-30 Lukas J. Fiderer , Julien M. E. Fraïsse , Daniel Braun

In quantum physics, multiparticle systems are described by quantum states acting on tensor products of Hilbert spaces. This product structure leads to the distinction between product states and entangled states; moreover, one can quantify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Lisa T. Weinbrenner , Albert Rico , Kenneth Goodenough , Xiao-Dong Yu , Otfried Gühne

Quantum metrology protocols are typically designed around the assumption that we have an abundance of measurement data, but recent practical applications are increasingly driving interest in cases with very limited data. In this regime the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 Jesús Rubio , Jacob Dunningham

Multi-mode cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) describes, for example, the coupling between an atom and a multi-mode electromagnetic resonator. The gauge choice is important for practical calculations in truncated Hilbert spaces, because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Geva Arwas , Vladimir E. Manucharyan , Cristiano Ciuti

As we enter the era of quantum technologies, quantum estimation theory provides an operationally motivating framework for determining high precision devices in modern technological applications. The aim of any estimation process is to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-02 Abdallah Slaoui , Lalla Btissam Drissi , El Hassan Saidi , Rachid Ahl Laamara

We study multi-parameter sensing of 2D and 3D vector fields within the Bayesian framework for $SU(2)$ quantum interferometry. We establish a method to determine the optimal quantum sensor, which establishes the fundamental limit on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Raphael Kaubruegger , Athreya Shankar , Denis V. Vasilyev , Peter Zoller

Using extensive numerical analysis of 20,000 randomly generated two-qubit states, we provide a quantitative analysis of the connection between entanglement measures and Maximized Quantum Fisher Information (MQFI). Our systematic study shows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Volkan Erol

We investigate the optimal approximation to triple incompatible quantum measurements within the framework of statistical distance and joint measurability. According to the lower bound of the uncertainty inequality presented in [Physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Hui-Hui Qin , Shao-Ming Fei

We address parameter estimation in two-level systems exhibiting level anti-crossing and prove that universally optimal strategies for parameter estimation may be designed, that is, we may find a parameter independent measurement scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Luca Ghirardi , Ilaria Siloi , Paolo Bordone , Filippo Troiani , Matteo G. A. Paris