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Recently, there has been a surge of vision-based GUI agents designed to automate everyday mobile and web tasks. These agents interpret raw GUI screenshots and autonomously decide where to click, scroll, or type, which bypasses handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yucheng Shi , Wenhao Yu , Zaitang Li , Yonglin Wang , Hongming Zhang , Ninghao Liu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

The limitation of graphical user interface (GUI) data has been a significant barrier to the development of GUI agents today, especially for the desktop / computer use scenarios. To address this, we propose an automated GUI data generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Yibin Xu , Liang Yang , Hao Chen , Hua Wang , Zhi Chen , Yaohua Tang

Conversational interfaces are likely to become more efficient, intuitive and engaging way for human-computer interaction than today's text or touch-based interfaces. Current research efforts concerning conversational interfaces focus…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Svitlana Vakulenko , Ilya Markov , Maarten de Rijke

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents are designed to automate complex tasks on digital devices, such as smartphones and desktops. Most existing GUI agents interact with the environment through extracted structured data, which can be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Kanzhi Cheng , Qiushi Sun , Yougang Chu , Fangzhi Xu , Yantao Li , Jianbing Zhang , Zhiyong Wu

The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is pivotal for human interaction with the digital world, enabling efficient device control and the completion of complex tasks. Recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Danyang Zhang , Zhennan Shen , Rui Xie , Situo Zhang , Tianbao Xie , Zihan Zhao , Siyuan Chen , Lu Chen , Hongshen Xu , Ruisheng Cao , Kai Yu

GUI agents drive applications through their visual interfaces instead of programmatic APIs, interacting with arbitrary software via taps, swipes, and keystrokes, reaching a long tail of applications that CLI-based agents cannot. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Fei Tang , Zhiqiong Lu , Boxuan Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents have advanced rapidly but still struggle with complex tasks involving novel UI elements, long-horizon actions, and personalized trajectories. In this work, we introduce Instruction Agent, a GUI agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yinheng Li , Hailey Hultquist , Justin Wagle , Kazuhito Koishida

As mobile devices are becoming ubiquitous, regularly interacting with a variety of user interfaces (UIs) is a common aspect of daily life for many people. To improve the accessibility of these devices and to enable their usage in a variety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Zecheng He , Srinivas Sunkara , Xiaoxue Zang , Ying Xu , Lijuan Liu , Nevan Wichers , Gabriel Schubiner , Ruby Lee , Jindong Chen , Blaise Agüera y Arcas

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been used as agents to control keyboard and mouse inputs by directly perceiving the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and generating corresponding commands. However, current agents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Dongping Chen , Yue Huang , Siyuan Wu , Jingyu Tang , Liuyi Chen , Yilin Bai , Zhigang He , Chenlong Wang , Huichi Zhou , Yiqiang Li , Tianshuo Zhou , Yue Yu , Chujie Gao , Qihui Zhang , Yi Gui , Zhen Li , Yao Wan , Pan Zhou , Jianfeng Gao , Lichao Sun

Understanding how players interact with the mobile game app on smartphone devices is important for game experts to develop and refine their app products. Conventionally, the game experts achieve their purposes through intensive user studies…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Quan Li , Haipeng Zeng , Zhenhui Peng , Xiaojuan Ma

Due to the event driven nature and the versatility of GUI designs in Android programs, it is challenging to generate event sequences with adequate code coverage within a reasonable time. A common approach to handle this issue is to rely on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wenhao Chen , Morris Chang , Witawas Srisa-an , Yong Guan

The widespread adoption of algorithmic decision-making systems has brought about the necessity to interpret the reasoning behind these decisions. The majority of these systems are complex black box models, and auxiliary models are often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Md Naimul Hoque , Klaus Mueller

Detecting Graphical User Interface (GUI) elements in GUI images is a domain-specific object detection task. It supports many software engineering tasks, such as GUI animation and testing, GUI search and code generation. Existing studies for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Jieshan Chen , Mulong Xie , Zhenchang Xing , Chunyang Chen , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Guoqiang Li

Event Detection (ED) is an important task in natural language processing. In the past few years, many datasets have been introduced for advancing ED machine learning models. However, most of these datasets are under-explored because not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Wenlong Zhang , Bhagyashree Ingale , Hamza Shabir , Tianyi Li , Tian Shi , Ping Wang

Analyzing interaction data provides an opportunity to learn about users, uncover their underlying goals, and create intelligent visualization systems. The first step for intelligent response in visualizations is to enable computers to infer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Shayan Monadjemi , Roman Garnett , Alvitta Ottley

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents have emerged as a transformative paradigm in human-computer interaction, evolving from rule-based automation scripts to sophisticated AI-driven systems capable of understanding and executing complex…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fei Tang , Haolei Xu , Hang Zhang , Siqi Chen , Xingyu Wu , Yongliang Shen , Wenqi Zhang , Guiyang Hou , Zeqi Tan , Yuchen Yan , Kaitao Song , Jian Shao , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang

Some object-oriented GUI toolkits tangle state management with rendering. Functional shells and observable toolkits like GUI Easy simplify and promote the creation of reusable views by analogy to functional programming. We have successfully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-31 D. Ben Knoble , Bogdan Popa

Developing and testing user interfaces (UIs) and training AI agents to interact with them are challenging due to the dynamic and diverse nature of real-world mobile environments. Existing methods often rely on cumbersome physical devices or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jiannan Xiang , Yun Zhu , Lei Shu , Maria Wang , Lijun Yu , Gabriel Barcik , James Lyon , Srinivas Sunkara , Jindong Chen

The rise of Virtual Reality (VR) has provided developers with an unprecedented platform for creating games and applications (apps) that require distinct inputs, different from those of conventional devices like smartphones. The Meta Quest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 John Y. Kim , Chaoshun Zuo , Yanjie Zhao , Zhiqiang Lin

Exploratory GUI testing is essential for software quality but suffers from high manual costs. While Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) agents excel in navigation, they fail to autonomously discover defects due to two core challenges:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yifei Gao , Jiang Wu , Xiaoyi Chen , Yifan Yang , Zhe Cui , Tianyi Ma , Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang