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X-ray microtomography at synchrotron sources is fundamentally limited by the high radiation dose applied to the samples, which restricts investigations to non-native tissue states and thereby compromises the biological relevance of the…

Understanding 3D fundamental processes is crucial for academic and industrial applications. Nowadays, X-ray time-resolved tomography, or tomoscopy, is a leading technique for in-situ and operando 4D (3D+time) characterization. Despite its…

Correlative microscopy is a powerful technique that combines the advantages of multiple imaging modalities to achieve a comprehensive understanding of investigated samples. For example, fluorescence microscopy provides unique functional…

Articular cartilage is a musculoskeletal soft tissue renowned for its unique mechanical properties. Understanding both its hierarchical structure and the interplay between its constituents could shed light on the mechanical competence of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Simone Fantoni , Luca Brombal , Paolo Cardarelli , Fabio Baruffaldi

Phase-wrapping artifacts, statistical image noise and the need for a minimum amount of phase steps per projection limit the practicability of x-ray grating based phase-contrast tomography, when using filtered back projection reconstruction.…

Photoacoustic tomography is a hybrid imaging technique that combines high optical tissue contrast with high ultrasound resolution. Direct reconstruction methods such as filtered backprojection, time reversal and least squares suffer from…

X-rays are commonly used in imaging experiments due to their penetration power, which enables non-destructive resolution of internal structures in samples that are opaque to visible light. Time-resolved X-ray tomography is the…

Row-column arrays have shown to be able to generate 3-D ultrafast ultrasound images with an order of magnitude less independent electronic channels than classic 2D matrix arrays. Unfortunately row-column array images suffer from major…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Joseph Hansen-Shearer , Marcelo Lerendegui , Matthieu Toulemonde , Meng-Xing Tang

Radiography is often used to probe complex, evolving density fields in dynamic systems and in so doing gain insight into the underlying physics. This technique has been used in numerous fields including materials science, shock physics,…

X-ray computed tomography is a powerful tool for volumetric imaging, but requires the collection of a large number of low-noise projection images, which is often too time consuming, limiting its applicability. In our previous work…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-02 Zhenduo Shang , Thomas Blumensath

The development of three-dimensional (3D) non-destructive X-ray characterization techniques in home laboratories is essential for enabling many more researchers to perform 3D characterization daily, overcoming the limitations imposed by…

In conventional tomographic reconstruction, the pre-processing step includes flat-field correction, where each sample projection on the detector is divided by a reference image taken without the sample. When using coherent X-rays as probe,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Viktor Nikitin , Marcus Carlsson , Doga Gursoy , Rajmund Mokso , Peter Cloetens

A unified method for three-dimensional reconstruction of objects from transmission images collected at multiple illumination directions is described. The method may be applicable to experimental conditions relevant to absorption-based,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Timur E. Gureyev , Hamish G. Brown , Harry M. Quiney , Leslie J. Allen

Classical reconstruction methods for phase-contrast tomography consist of two stages: phase retrieval and tomographic reconstruction. A novel algebraic method combining the two was suggested by Kostenko et al. (Opt. Express, 21, 12185,…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-09-08 Rasmus Dalgas Kongskov , Jakob Sauer Jørgensen , Henning Friis Poulsen , Per Christian Hansen

The problem of optimization of propagation-based phase-contrast imaging setups is considered in the case of projection X-ray imaging and three-dimensional tomography with phase retrieval. For two-dimensional imaging, a simple model for a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 T. E. Gureyev , D. M. Paganin , H. M. Quiney

Ultrafast electron beam X-ray computed tomography produces noisy data due to short measurement times, causing reconstruction artifacts and limiting overall image quality. To counteract these issues, two self-supervised deep learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Israt Jahan Tulin , Sebastian Starke , Dominic Windisch , André Bieberle , Peter Steinbach

We extend our previously proposed image reconstruction method, which allows confocal microscopes to capture periodically moving objects at frequencies beyond their frame rates, to three-dimensional and two-dimensional wide-field imaging.…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kanta Adachi , Soyoka Hemmi , Nobutomo Nakamura

As Micro-CT technology continues to refine its characterization of material microstructures, industrial CT ultra-precision inspection is generating increasingly large datasets, necessitating solutions to the trade-off between accuracy and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Yipeng Yin , Rao Yao , Qingying Li , Dazhong Wang , Hong Zhou , Zhijun Fang , Jianing Chen , Longjie Qian , Mingyue Wu

Both a high spatial and a high temporal resolution of images and videos are desirable in many applications such as entertainment systems, monitoring manufacturing processes, or video surveillance. Due to the limited throughput of pixels per…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-08 Markus Jonscher , Jürgen Seiler , Daniela Lanz , Michael Schöberl , Michel Bätz , André Kaup

The unprecedented X-ray flux density provided by modern X-ray sources offers new spatiotemporal possibilities for X-ray imaging of fast dynamic processes. Approaches to exploit such possibilities often result in either i) a limited number…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-07 Zisheng Yao , Yuhe Zhang , Zhe Hu , Robert Klöfkorn , Tobias Ritschel , Pablo Villanueva-Perez