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The prevalent paradigm in robot learning attempts to generalize across environments, embodiments, and tasks with language prompts at runtime. A fundamental tension limits this approach: language is often too abstract to guide the concrete…

High-level robot controllers in realistic domains typically deal with processes which operate concurrently, change the world continuously, and where the execution of actions is event-driven as in ``charge the batteries as soon as the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Henrik Grosskreutz , Gerhard Lakemeyer

In recent years, as robotics has advanced, human-robot collaboration has gained increasing importance. However, current robots struggle to fully and accurately interpret human intentions from voice commands alone. Traditional gripper and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Junliang Li , Kai Ye , Haolan Kang , Mingxuan Liang , Yuhang Wu , Zhenhua Liu , Huiping Zhuang , Rui Huang , Yongquan Chen

Recent advances in teleoperation have enabled sophisticated manipulation of dexterous robotic hands, with most systems concentrating on guiding finger positions to achieve desired grasp configurations. However, while accurate finger…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hengxu You , Tianyu Zhou , Fang Xu , Kaleb Smith , Eric Jing Du

This paper introduces a new wheel-legged robot and develops motion controllers based on central pattern generators (CPGs) for the robot to navigate over a range of terrains. A transformable leg-wheel design is considered and characterized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Tyler Bishop , Keran Ye , Konstantinos Karydis

High-fidelity physics simulation is essential for scalable robotic learning, but the sim-to-real gap persists, especially for tasks involving complex, dynamic, and discontinuous interactions like physical contacts. Explicit system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Changwei Jing , Jai Krishna Bandi , Jianglong Ye , Yan Duan , Pieter Abbeel , Xiaolong Wang , Sha Yi

One classic idea from the cybernetics literature is the Every Good Regulator Theorem (EGRT). The EGRT provides a means to identify good regulation, or the conditions under which an agent (regulator) can match the dynamical behavior of a…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bradly Alicea , Morgan Hough , Amanda Nelson , Jesse Parent

Learning to solve complex manipulation tasks from visual observations is a dominant challenge for real-world robot learning. Although deep reinforcement learning algorithms have recently demonstrated impressive results in this context, they…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Eugenio Chisari , Tim Welschehold , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard , Abhinav Valada

A multi-robot system (MRS) is a group of coordinated robots designed to cooperate with each other and accomplish given tasks. Due to the uncertainties in operating environments, the system may encounter emergencies, such as unobserved…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Bowei He , Zhenting Zhao , Wenhao Luo , Rui Liu

Physics-based simulation is essential for developing and evaluating robot manipulation policies, particularly in scenarios involving deformable objects and complex contact interactions. However, existing simulators often struggle to balance…

Bio-inspired control of motion is an active field of research with many applications in real world tasks. In the case of robotic systems that need to exhibit oscillatory behaviour (i.e. locomotion of snake-type or legged robots), Central…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-09-09 Carlos Garcia-Saura

Large vision-language models have significantly advanced GUI agents, enabling executable interaction across web, mobile, and desktop interfaces. Yet these gains largely rely on a forgiving region-tolerant paradigm, where many nearby pixels…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jingxuan Wei , Xi Bai , Shan Liu , Caijun Jia , Zheng Sun , Xinglong Xu , Siyuan Li , Linzhuang Sun , Bihui Yu , Conghui He , Cheng Tan

Robots often face manipulation tasks in environments where vision is inadequate due to clutter, occlusions, or poor lighting--for example, reaching a shutoff valve at the back of a sink cabinet or locating a light switch above a crowded…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Muhammad Suhail Saleem , Lai Yuan , Maxim Likhachev

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently been used for solving challenging decision-making problems in the context of automated driving. However, one of the main drawbacks of the presented RL-based policies is the lack of safety guarantees,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Danial Kamran , Yu Ren , Martin Lauer

This paper presents an adaptive reference governor (RG) framework for a linear system with matched nonlinear uncertainties that can depend on both time and states, subject to both state and input constraints. The proposed framework…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-08 Pan Zhao , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Naira Hovakimyan

Dexterous manipulation of objects through fine control of physical contacts is essential for many important tasks of daily living. A fundamental ability underlying fine contact control is compliant control, \textit{i.e.}, controlling the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Jinda Cui , Jiawei Xu , David Saldaña , Jeff Trinkle

Embodied reasoning systems integrate robotic hardware and cognitive processes to perform complex tasks, typically in response to a natural language query about a specific physical environment. This usually involves changing the belief about…

We propose a control framework which can utilize tactile information by exploiting the complementarity structure of contact dynamics. Since many robotic tasks, like manipulation and locomotion, are fundamentally based in making and breaking…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Alp Aydinoglu , Philip Sieg , Victor M. Preciado , Michael Posa

Reinforcement learning (RL) is effective in many robotic applications, but it requires extensive exploration of the state-action space, during which behaviors can be unsafe. This significantly limits its applicability to large robots with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Mehdi Heydari Shahna , Pauli Mustalahti , Jouni Mattila

Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) have several properties desirable for locomotion: they generate smooth trajectories, are robust to perturbations and are simple to implement. Although conceptually promising, we argue that the full…

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