Related papers: Dose-finding design based on level set estimation …
Cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health and leading to the deaths of a large number of people. It was observed during the drug administration in chemotherapy that immune cells, cancer…
Although optimal control theory has been used for the theoretical study of anti-cancerous drugs scheduling optimization, with the aim of reducing the primary tumor volume, the effect on metastases is often ignored. Here, we use a previously…
Quantifying treatment effect heterogeneity is a crucial task in many areas of causal inference, e.g. optimal treatment allocation and estimation of subgroup effects. We study the problem of estimating the level sets of the conditional…
Adaptive Phase 2/3 designs hold great promise in contemporary oncology drug development, especially when limited data from Phase 1 dose-finding is insufficient for identifying an optimal dose. However, there is a general concern about…
There is a growing interest in the implementation of platform trials, which provide the flexibility to incorporate new treatment arms during the trial and the ability to halt treatments early based on lack of benefit or observed…
Cohort-based enrollment can slow down dose-finding trials since the outcomes of the previous cohort must be fully evaluated before the next cohort can be enrolled. This results in frequent suspension of patient enrollment. The issue is…
A common problem faced in clinical studies is that of estimating the effect of the most effective (e.g., the one having the largest mean) treatment among $k~(\geq2)$ available treatments. The most effective treatment is adjudged based on…
In a Phase II dose-finding study with a placebo control, a new drug with several dose levels is compared with a placebo to test for the effectiveness of the new drug. The main focus of such studies often lies in the characterization of the…
Personalized cancer treatments based on the molecular profile of a patient's tumor are an emerging and exciting class of treatments in oncology. As genomic tumor profiling is becoming more common, targeted treatments to specific molecular…
We introduce a new computer aided detection and diagnosis system for lung cancer screening with low-dose CT scans that produces meaningful probability assessments. Our system is based entirely on 3D convolutional neural networks and…
Dose-finding clinical trials in oncology aim to estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), based on safety traditionally obtained from the clinician's perspective. While the collection of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) has been advocated…
Phase I dose-escalation trials must be guided by a safety model in order to avoid exposing patients to unacceptably high risk of toxicities. Traditionally, these trials are based on one type of schedule. In more recent practice, however,…
Phase-3 clinical trials provide the highest level of evidence on drug safety and effectiveness needed for market approval by implementing large randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, 30-40% of these trials fail mainly because such…
We propose a rule-based statistical design for combination dose-finding trials with two agents. The Ci3+3 design is an extension of the i3+3 design with simple decision rules comparing the observed toxicity rates and equivalence intervals…
To obtain high-quality positron emission tomography (PET) while minimizing radiation exposure, a range of methods have been designed to reconstruct standard-dose PET (SPET) from corresponding low-dose PET (LPET) images. However, most…
Breast cancer is considered as one of a major health problem that constitutes the strongest cause behind mortality among women in the world. So, in this decade, breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer, in term of appearance…
Quantum detector tomography is a fundamental technique for calibrating quantum devices and performing quantum engineering tasks. In this paper, a novel quantum detector tomography method is proposed. First, a series of different probe…
For many years Phase I and Phase II clinical trials were conducted separately, but there was a recent shift to combine these Phases. While a variety of Phase~I/II model-based designs for cytotoxic agents were proposed in the literature,…
We consider a modified Ci3+3 (MCi3+3) design for dual-agent dose-finding trials in which both agents are tested on multiple doses. This usually happens when the agents are novel therapies. The MCi3+3 design offers a two-stage or three-stage…
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched Project Optimus to shift the objective of dose selection from the maximum tolerated dose to the optimal biological dose (OBD), optimizing the benefit-risk tradeoff. One approach…