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Chest X-rays are widely used to diagnose thoracic diseases, but the lack of detailed information about these abnormalities makes it challenging to develop accurate automated diagnosis systems, which is crucial for early detection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 S. M. Nabil Ashraf , Md. Adyelullahil Mamun , Hasnat Md. Abdullah , Md. Golam Rabiul Alam

Automatic extraction of medical conditions from free-text radiology reports is critical for supervising computer vision models to interpret medical images. In this work, we show that radiologists labeling reports significantly disagree with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-16 Saahil Jain , Akshay Smit , Steven QH Truong , Chanh DT Nguyen , Minh-Thanh Huynh , Mudit Jain , Victoria A. Young , Andrew Y. Ng , Matthew P. Lungren , Pranav Rajpurkar

Artificial intelligence has shown significant promise in chest radiography, where deep learning models can approach radiologist-level diagnostic performance. Progress has been accelerated by large public datasets such as MIMIC-CXR,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Amy Rafferty , Ajitha Rajan

Cardiomegaly is indeed a medical disease in which the heart is enlarged. Cardiomegaly is better to handle if caught early, so early detection is critical. The chest X-ray, being one of the most often used radiography examinations, has been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-08 Soham S. Sarpotdar

Chest X-ray imaging is a critical diagnostic tool for identifying pulmonary diseases. However, manual interpretation of these images is time-consuming and error-prone. Automated systems utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Saurabh Agarwal , K. V. Arya , Yogesh Kumar Meena

Deep learning semantic segmentation algorithms can localise abnormalities or opacities from chest radiographs. However, the task of collecting and annotating training data is expensive and requires expertise which remains a bottleneck for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-26 Jitesh Seth , Rohit Lokwani , Viraj Kulkarni , Aniruddha Pant , Amit Kharat

Ultrasound imaging is a commonly used technology for visualising patient anatomy in real-time during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. High operator dependency and low reproducibility make ultrasound imaging and interpretation…

Deep learning approaches often require huge datasets to achieve good generalization. This complicates its use in tasks like image-based medical diagnosis, where the small training datasets are usually insufficient to learn appropriate data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Roberto Vega , Pouneh Gorji , Zichen Zhang , Xuebin Qin , Abhilash Rakkunedeth Hareendranathan , Jeevesh Kapur , Jacob L. Jaremko , Russell Greiner

Despite their success in many computer vision tasks, convolutional networks tend to require large amounts of labeled data to achieve generalization. Furthermore, the performance is not guaranteed on a sample from an unseen domain at test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Ozan Ciga , Jianan Chen , Anne Martel

Medical image datasets and their annotations are not growing as fast as their equivalents in the general domain. This makes translation from the newest, more data-intensive methods that have made a large impact on the vision field…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Tom van Sonsbeek , Xiantong Zhen , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Marcel Worring

Although there have been several recent advances in the application of deep learning algorithms to chest x-ray interpretation, we identify three major challenges for the translation of chest x-ray algorithms to the clinical setting. We…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-12 Pranav Rajpurkar , Anirudh Joshi , Anuj Pareek , Phil Chen , Amirhossein Kiani , Jeremy Irvin , Andrew Y. Ng , Matthew P. Lungren

Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) have performed well in many applications such as object detection, pattern recognition, video surveillance and so on. CNN carryout feature extraction on labelled data to perform classification. Multi-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Tolulope A. Odetola , Ogheneuriri Oderhohwo , Syed Rafay Hasan

Data is one of the essential ingredients to power deep learning research. Small datasets, especially specific to medical institutes, bring challenges to deep learning training stage. This work aims to develop a practical deep multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Faik Aydin , Maggie Zhang , Michelle Ananda-Rajah , Gholamreza Haffari

An important part of breast cancer staging is the assessment of the sentinel axillary node for early signs of tumor spreading. However, this assessment by pathologists is not always easy and retrospective surveys often requalify the status…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-30 Eric Bonnet

The chest X-Ray (CXR) is the one of the most common clinical exam used to diagnose thoracic diseases and abnormalities. The volume of CXR scans generated daily in hospitals is huge. Therefore, an automated diagnosis system able to save the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Shuai Zhang , Xiaoyan Xin , Yang Wang , Yachong Guo , Qiuqiao Hao , Xianfeng Yang , Jun Wang , Jian Zhang , Bing Zhang , Wei Wang

Since this COVID-19 pandemic thrives, the utilization of X-Ray images of the Chest (CXR) as a complementary screening technique to RT-PCR testing grows to its clinical use for respiratory complaints. Many new deep learning approaches have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Md Gulzar Hussain , Ye Shiren

CXRs are a crucial and extraordinarily common diagnostic tool, leading to heavy research for CAD solutions. However, both high classification accuracy and meaningful model predictions that respect and incorporate clinical taxonomies are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Haomin Chen , Shun Miao , Daguang Xu , Gregory D. Hager , Adam P. Harrison

Automatic segmentation of anatomical structures with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) constitutes a large portion of research in medical image analysis. The majority of CNN-based methods rely on an abundance of labeled data for proper…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-20 Cheryl Sital , Tom Brosch , Dominique Tio , Alexander Raaijmakers , Jürgen Weese

The scarcity of labeled data often limits the application of supervised deep learning techniques for medical image segmentation. This has motivated the development of semi-supervised techniques that learn from a mixture of labeled and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Gerda Bortsova , Florian Dubost , Laurens Hogeweg , Ioannis Katramados , Marleen de Bruijne

Image representation is a fundamental task in computer vision. However, most of the existing approaches for image representation ignore the relations between images and consider each input image independently. Intuitively, relations between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Chengsheng Mao , Liang Yao , Yuan Luo