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Related papers: Robust Steganography from Large Language Models

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In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), generative linguistic steganography has become a prevalent technique for hiding information within model-generated texts. However, traditional steganography methods struggle to effectively align…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Minhao Bai , Jinshuai Yang , Kaiyi Pang , Yongfeng Huang , Yue Gao

Recent provably secure linguistic steganography (PSLS) methods rely on mainstream autoregressive language models (ARMs) to address historically challenging tasks, that is, to disguise covert communication as ``innocuous'' natural language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Yuang Qi , Na Zhao , Qiyi Yao , Benlong Wu , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kejiang Chen

The potential for large language models (LLMs) to hide messages within plain text (steganography) poses a challenge to detection and thwarting of unaligned AI agents, and undermines faithfulness of LLMs reasoning. We explore the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Artem Karpov , Tinuade Adeleke , Seong Hah Cho , Natalia Perez-Campanero

Steganography embeds secret messages in seemingly innocuous carriers for covert communication under surveillance. Current Provably Secure Steganography (PSS) schemes based on language models can guarantee computational indistinguishability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Kaiyi Pang , Minhao Bai

Existing linguistic steganography methods primarily rely on content transformations to conceal secret messages. However, they often cause subtle yet looking-innocent deviations between normal and stego texts, posing potential security risks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Lingyun Xiang , Chengfu Ou , Xu He , Zhongliang Yang , Yuling Liu

Whereas traditional cryptography encrypts a secret message into an unintelligible form, steganography conceals that communication is taking place by encoding a secret message into a cover signal. Language is a particularly pragmatic cover…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Zachary M. Ziegler , Yuntian Deng , Alexander M. Rush

Linguistic steganography (LS) conceals the presence of communication by embedding secret information into a text. How to generate a high-quality text carrying secret information is a key problem. With the widespread application of deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xiaoyan Zheng , Hanzhou Wu

Jailbreak attacks pose a serious threat to Large Language Models (LLMs) by bypassing their safety mechanisms. A truly advanced jailbreak is defined not only by its effectiveness but, more critically, by its stealthiness. However, existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jianing Geng , Biao Yi , Zekun Fei , Ruiqi He , Lihai Nie , Tong Li , Zheli Liu

Image steganography can hide information in a host image and obtain a stego image that is perceptually indistinguishable from the original one. This technique has tremendous potential in scenarios like copyright protection, information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Huayuan Ye , Shenzhuo Zhang , Shiqi Jiang , Jing Liao , Shuhang Gu , Dejun Zheng , Changbo Wang , Chenhui Li

We consider coverless steganography where a Large Language Model (LLM) is used to generate stego-texts in combination with arithmetic coding. An efficient method should embed secret bits in as few language tokens as possible while keeping…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yu-Shin Huang , Peter Just , Hanyun Yin , Krishna Narayanan , Ruihong Huang , Chao Tian

Understanding and addressing potential safety alignment risks in large language models (LLMs) is critical for ensuring their safe and trustworthy deployment. In this paper, we highlight an insidious safety threat: a compromised LLM can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Guangnian Wan , Xinyin Ma , Gongfan Fang , Xinchao Wang

As large language models (LLMs) become integrated into sensitive workflows, concerns grow over their potential to leak confidential information. We propose TrojanStego, a novel threat model in which an adversary fine-tunes an LLM to embed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Dominik Meier , Jan Philip Wahle , Paul Röttger , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have blurred the boundary of high-quality text generation between humans and machines, which is favorable for generative text steganography. While, current advanced steganographic mapping is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiaxuan Wu , Zhengxian Wu , Yiming Xue , Juan Wen , Wanli Peng

Linguistic steganography aims to conceal information within natural language text without being detected. An effective steganography approach should encode the secret message into a minimal number of language tokens while preserving the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yu-Shin Huang , Chao Tian , Krishna Narayanan , Lizhong Zheng

Linguistic steganography provides convenient implementation to hide messages, particularly with the emergence of AI generation technology. The potential abuse of this technology raises security concerns within societies, calling for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Minhao Bai. Jinshuai Yang , Kaiyi Pang , Huili Wang , Yongfeng Huang

Linguistic steganography studies how to hide secret messages in natural language cover texts. Traditional methods aim to transform a secret message into an innocent text via lexical substitution or syntactical modification. Recently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Jiaming Shen , Heng Ji , Jiawei Han

Whereas cryptography easily arouses attacks by means of encrypting a secret message into a suspicious form, steganography is advantageous for its resilience to attacks by concealing the message in an innocent-looking cover signal. Minimal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Kejiang Chen , Hang Zhou , Yaofei Wang , Menghan Li , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Robust steganography is a technique of hiding secret messages in images so that the message can be recovered after additional image processing. One of the most popular processing operations is JPEG recompression. Unfortunately, most of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Jan Butora , Pauline Puteaux , Patrick Bas

With data privacy becoming more of a necessity than a luxury in today's digital world, research on more robust models of privacy preservation and information security is on the rise. In this paper, we take a look at Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Geetanjali Bihani , Julia Taylor Rayz

With the popularity of the large language models (LLMs), text steganography has achieved remarkable performance. However, existing methods still have some issues: (1) For the white-box paradigm, this steganography behavior is prone to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jianxin Gao , Ruohan Lei , Wanli Peng
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