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Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) promise to accelerate scientific discovery end-to-end, but rigorously evaluating their capacity for verifiable discovery remains a central challenge. Existing benchmarks face a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhen Wang , Fan Bai , Zhongyan Luo , Jinyan Su , Kaiser Sun , Xinle Yu , Jieyuan Liu , Kun Zhou , Claire Cardie , Mark Dredze , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

As language models (LMs) evolve from chat assistants to long-horizon agents capable of multi-step reasoning and tool use, existing benchmarks remain largely confined to structured or exam-style tasks that fall short of real-world…

From professional research to everyday planning, many tasks are bottlenecked by wide-scale information seeking, which is more repetitive than cognitively complex. With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), automated search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Ryan Wong , Jiawei Wang , Junjie Zhao , Li Chen , Yan Gao , Long Zhang , Xuan Zhou , Zuo Wang , Kai Xiang , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang , Yang Wang , Ke Wang

LLM agents are rapidly becoming the practical interface for task automation, yet the ecosystem lacks a principled way to choose among an exploding space of deployable configurations. Existing LLM leaderboards and tool/agent benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yunxiao Shi , Wujiang Xu , Tingwei Chen , Haoning Shang , Ling Yang , Yunfeng Wan , Zhuo Cao , Xing Zi , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Min Xu

Recent advances in code agents have enabled automated software development at the project level, supported by large language models (LLMs). However, existing benchmarks for code agent evaluation face two major limitations. First, creating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lingyue Fu , Bolun Zhang , Hao Guan , Yaoming Zhu , Lin Qiu , Weiwen Liu , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Recent advancements in AI agents have demonstrated their growing potential to drive and support scientific discovery. In this work, we introduce MLR-Bench, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating AI agents on open-ended machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Hui Chen , Miao Xiong , Yujie Lu , Wei Han , Ailin Deng , Yufei He , Jiaying Wu , Yibo Li , Yue Liu , Bryan Hooi

Deep Research Agents are a prominent category of LLM-based agents. By autonomously orchestrating multistep web exploration, targeted retrieval, and higher-order synthesis, they transform vast amounts of online information into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Mingxuan Du , Benfeng Xu , Chiwei Zhu , Xiaorui Wang , Zhendong Mao

The robustness of LLMs to jailbreak attacks, where users design prompts to circumvent safety measures and misuse model capabilities, has been studied primarily for LLMs acting as simple chatbots. Meanwhile, LLM agents -- which use external…

As agentic AI systems increasingly operate autonomously, establishing trust through verifiable evaluation becomes critical. Yet existing benchmarks lack the transparency and auditability needed to assess whether agents behave reliably. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hyunjun Kim , Sooyoung Ryu

Evaluating AI agents within complex, interactive environments that mirror real-world challenges is critical for understanding their practical capabilities. While existing agent benchmarks effectively assess skills like tool use or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Long Phan , Mantas Mazeika , Andy Zou , Dan Hendrycks

Large vision-language model (LVLM)-based web agents are emerging as powerful tools for automating complex online tasks. However, when deployed in real-world environments, they face serious security risks, motivating the design of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zonghao Ying , Yangguang Shao , Jianle Gan , Gan Xu , Wenxin Zhang , Quanchen Zou , Junzheng Shi , Zhenfei Yin , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

The increasing deployment of Large Language Model (LLM) agents for complex software engineering tasks has created a need to understand their problem-solving behaviours beyond simple success metrics. While these agents demonstrate impressive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Oorja Majgaonkar , Zhiwei Fei , Xiang Li , Federica Sarro , He Ye

LLM-based agent systems are emerging as a new software paradigm and have been widely adopted across diverse domains such as medicine, robotics, and programming. However, maintaining these systems requires substantial effort, as they are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Alfin Wijaya Rahardja , Junwei Liu , Weitong Chen , Zhenpeng Chen , Yiling Lou

As LLM agents transition from short, static problem solving to executing complex, long-horizon tasks in dynamic environments, the ability to handle user interruptions, such as adding requirement or revising goals, during mid-task execution…

Recent works have shown that large language model (LLM) agents are able to improve themselves from experience, which is an important ability for continuous enhancement post-deployment. However, existing benchmarks primarily evaluate their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Cheng-Kuang Wu , Zhi Rui Tam , Chieh-Yen Lin , Yun-Nung Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Model (LLM) agents, which integrate planning, memory, reflection, and tool-use modules, have shown promise in solving complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their sophisticated architectures amplify vulnerability to cascading…

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly applied to complex strategic environments that demand long-horizon reasoning, multi-agent interaction, and decision-making under uncertainty. However, common existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenjie Tang , Yuan Zhou , Erqiang Xu , Keyan Cheng , Minne Li , Liquan Xiao

The justice system has increasingly employed AI techniques to enhance efficiency, yet limitations remain in improving the quality of decision-making, particularly regarding transparency and explainability needed to uphold public trust in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Cong Jiang , Xiaolei Yang

Agentic Web is an emerging paradigm where autonomous agents help users use online information. As the paradigm develops, content providers are also deploying agents to manage their data and serve it through controlled interfaces. This shift…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shanshan Zhong , Kate Shen , Chenyan Xiong