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Large language models (LLMs) offer personalized responses based on user interactions, but this use case raises serious privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a cryptographic protocol supporting arithmetic computations in encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Donghwan Rho , Taeseong Kim , Minje Park , Jung Woo Kim , Hyunsik Chae , Ernest K. Ryu , Jung Hee Cheon

With the growing development and deployment of large language models (LLMs) in both industrial and academic fields, their security and safety concerns have become increasingly critical. However, recent studies indicate that LLMs face…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Caleb Geren , Amanda Board , Gaby G. Dagher , Tim Andersen , Jun Zhuang

In this work we construct an alternative model for Authenticated Key Exchange, intended to build a theoretic security framework for protocols whose characteristics may not always concur with the specifics of already existing models for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Rodrigo Martín Sánchez-Ledesma , David Domingo Martín , Iván Blanco Chacón , Ignacio Luengo Velasco

This work studies the capabilities of a large language model (LLM) to understand paralinguistic aspects of speech without fine-tuning its weights. We utilize an end-to-end system with a speech encoder, which is trained to produce token…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Wonjune Kang , Junteng Jia , Chunyang Wu , Wei Zhou , Egor Lakomkin , Yashesh Gaur , Leda Sari , Suyoun Kim , Ke Li , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli

In today's digital world, casual user-generated content often contains subtle cues that may inadvertently expose sensitive personal attributes. Such risks underscore the growing importance of effective text anonymization to safeguard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Chenyang Shao , Tianxing Li , Chenhao Pu , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence in various applications, including security. This paper explores the utility of LLMs in scam detection, a critical aspect of cybersecurity. Unlike traditional applications, we propose a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Liming Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

The evolution of Generative AI and the capabilities of the newly released Large Language Models (LLMs) open new opportunities in software engineering. However, they also lead to new challenges in cybersecurity. Recently, researchers have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Mika Beckerich , Laura Plein , Sergio Coronado

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated an alarming ability to impersonate humans in conversation, raising concerns about their potential misuse in scams and deception. Humans have a right to know if they are conversing to an LLM. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Gilad Gressel , Rahul Pankajakshan , Yisroel Mirsky

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate outstanding performance in their reservoir of knowledge and understanding capabilities, but they have also been shown to be prone to illegal or unethical reactions when subjected to jailbreak…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Fengxiang Wang , Ranjie Duan , Peng Xiao , Xiaojun Jia , Shiji Zhao , Cheng Wei , YueFeng Chen , Chongwen Wang , Jialing Tao , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Hui Xue

Cybersecurity breaches targeting electrical substations constitute a significant threat to the integrity of the power grid, necessitating comprehensive defense and mitigation strategies. Any anomaly in information and communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Aydin Zaboli , Seong Lok Choi , Tai-Jin Song , Junho Hong

With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), many downstream NLP tasks can be well solved given appropriate prompts. Though model developers and researchers work hard on dialog safety to avoid generating harmful content from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Haoran Li , Dadi Guo , Wei Fan , Mingshi Xu , Jie Huang , Fanpu Meng , Yangqiu Song

Various techniques need to be combined to realize anonymously authenticated communication. Cryptographic tools enable anonymous user authentication while anonymous communication protocols hide users' IP addresses from service providers. One…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-05-09 Keita Emura , Akira Kanaoka , Satoshi Ohta , Takeshi Takahashi

Despite the impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in various tasks, their vulnerability to unsafe prompts remains a critical issue. These prompts can lead LLMs to generate responses on illegal or sensitive topics, posing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Jinseok Kim , Jaewon Jung , Sangyeop Kim , Sohyung Park , Sungzoon Cho

Machine Translation (MT) has greatly advanced over the years due to the developments in deep neural networks. However, the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 and ChatGPT is introducing a new phase in the MT domain. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Chenyang Lyu , Zefeng Du , Jitao Xu , Yitao Duan , Minghao Wu , Teresa Lynn , Alham Fikri Aji , Derek F. Wong , Siyou Liu , Longyue Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) drive current AI breakthroughs despite very little being known about their internal representations. In this work, we propose to shed the light on LLMs inner mechanisms through the lens of geometry. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Randall Balestriero , Romain Cosentino , Sarath Shekkizhar

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold immense promise for revolutionizing financial analysis and decision-making, yet their direct application is often hampered by issues of data hallucination and lack of access to real-time, verifiable…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yifan Zeng

The rapid advancement in large foundation models is propelling the paradigm shifts across various industries. One significant change is that agents, instead of traditional machines or humans, will be the primary participants in the future…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Zhuoran Xiao , Chenhui Ye , Yijia Feng , Yunbo Hu , Tianyu Jiao , Liyu Cai , Guangyi Liu

Language Confusion is a phenomenon where Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text that is neither in the desired language, nor in a contextually appropriate language. This phenomenon presents a critical challenge in text generation by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yiyi Chen , Qiongxiu Li , Russa Biswas , Johannes Bjerva

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has exposed vulnerabilities to various adversarial attacks. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of jailbreaking research targeting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Siyuan Wang , Zhuohan Long , Zhihao Fan , Zhongyu Wei