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In this paper, we tackle the high computational overhead of Transformers for efficient image super-resolution~(SR). Motivated by the observations of self-attention's inter-layer repetition, we introduce a convolutionized self-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Dongheon Lee , Seokju Yun , Youngmin Ro

Attention layers are widely used in natural language processing (NLP) and are beginning to influence computer vision architectures. Training very large transformer models allowed significant improvement in both fields, but once trained,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier , Andreas Loukas , Martin Jaggi

We revisit the use of spectral techniques to replaces the attention mechanism in Transformers through Fourier Transform based token mixing, and present a comprehensive and novel reformulation of this technique in next generation transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Andrew Kiruluta , Andreas Lemos , Eric Lundy

Transfer learning on tabular data is challenging due to disparate feature spaces across domains, in contrast to the homogeneous structures of image and text. Large language models (LLMs) offer a knowledge base to improve the limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ibna Kowsar , Kazi F. Akhter , Manar D. Samad

There is a growing demand for low-power, autonomously learning artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can be applied at the edge and rapidly adapt to the specific situation at deployment site. However, current AI models struggle in such…

Attention-based beamformers have recently been shown to be effective for multi-channel speech recognition. However, they are less capable at capturing local information. In this work, we propose a 2D Conv-Attention module which combines…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-18 Bhargav Pulugundla , Yang Gao , Brian King , Gokce Keskin , Harish Mallidi , Minhua Wu , Jasha Droppo , Roland Maas

Wavelets have emerged as a cutting edge technology in a number of fields. Concrete results of their application in Image and Signal processing suggest that wavelets can be effectively applied to Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Rana Salama , Abdou Youssef , Mona Diab

Many machine learning tasks such as multiple instance learning, 3D shape recognition, and few-shot image classification are defined on sets of instances. Since solutions to such problems do not depend on the order of elements of the set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Juho Lee , Yoonho Lee , Jungtaek Kim , Adam R. Kosiorek , Seungjin Choi , Yee Whye Teh

In this paper, we introduce the prior knowledge, multi-scale structure, into self-attention modules. We propose a Multi-Scale Transformer which uses multi-scale multi-head self-attention to capture features from different scales. Based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Qipeng Guo , Xipeng Qiu , Pengfei Liu , Xiangyang Xue , Zheng Zhang

Transformers have emerged as the cornerstone of state-of-the-art natural language processing models, showcasing exceptional performance across a wide range of AI applications. However, the memory demands posed by the self-attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hao Liu , Pieter Abbeel

Attention based language models have become a critical component in state-of-the-art natural language processing systems. However, these models have significant computational requirements, due to long training times, dense operations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Ivan Chelombiev , Daniel Justus , Douglas Orr , Anastasia Dietrich , Frithjof Gressmann , Alexandros Koliousis , Carlo Luschi

Self-attention modules have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in capturing long-range relationships and improving the performance of point cloud tasks. However, point cloud objects are typically characterized by complex, disordered, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Xian Wei , Muyu Wang , Shing-Ho Jonathan Lin , Zhengyu Li , Jian Yang , Arafat Al-Jawari , Xuan Tang

Despite the exciting performance, Transformer is criticized for its excessive parameters and computation cost. However, compressing Transformer remains as an open problem due to its internal complexity of the layer designs, i.e., Multi-Head…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Gen Luo , Yiyi Zhou , Xiaoshuai Sun , Yan Wang , Liujuan Cao , Yongjian Wu , Feiyue Huang , Rongrong Ji

Latest development of neural models has connected the encoder and decoder through a self-attention mechanism. In particular, Transformer, which is solely based on self-attention, has led to breakthroughs in Natural Language Processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Xindian Ma , Peng Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Nan Duan , Yuexian Hou , Dawei Song , Ming Zhou

Recent advances in transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks. However, their quadratic computational complexity concerning sequence length remains a significant bottleneck…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zichuan Fu , Wentao Song , Yejing Wang , Xian Wu , Yefeng Zheng , Yingying Zhang , Derong Xu , Xuetao Wei , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao

Although Transformer models such as Google's BERT and OpenAI's GPT-3 are successful in many natural language processing tasks, training and deploying these models are costly and inefficient.Even if pre-trained models are used, deploying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Madhusudan Verma

Large language models (LLMs) now support extremely long context windows, but the quadratic complexity of vanilla attention results in significantly long Time-to-First-Token (TTFT) latency. Existing approaches to address this complexity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Qianchao Zhu , Jiangfei Duan , Chang Chen , Siran Liu , Guanyu Feng , Xin Lv , Xiao Chuanfu , Dahua Lin , Chao Yang

Window-based transformers have demonstrated outstanding performance in super-resolution tasks due to their adaptive modeling capabilities through local self-attention (SA). However, they exhibit higher computational complexity and inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zhenyu Hu , Wanjie Sun

In this paper, we propose Mixture of Layer-Wise Tokens (MoLT), a parameter- and memory-efficient adaptation framework for audio-visual learning. The key idea of MoLT is to replace conventional, computationally heavy sequential adaptation at…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Kyeongha Rho , Hyeongkeun Lee , Jae Won Cho , Joon Son Chung

Learning profitable intraday trading policies from financial time series is challenging due to heavy noise, non-stationarity, and strong cross-sectional dependence among related assets. We propose \emph{WaveLSFormer}, a learnable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Shuozhe Li , Du Cheng , Leqi Liu