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Human visual preferences are inherently multi-dimensional, encompassing aesthetics, detail fidelity, and semantic alignment. However, existing datasets provide only single, holistic annotations, resulting in severe label noise: images that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xinxin Liu , Ming Li , Zonglin Lyu , Yuzhang Shang , Chen Chen

While preference optimization is crucial for improving visual generative models, how to effectively scale this paradigm remains largely unexplored. Current open-source preference datasets contain conflicting preference patterns, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ming Li , Jie Wu , Justin Cui , Xiaojie Li , Rui Wang , Chen Chen

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) improves the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values by training directly on human preference datasets, eliminating the need for reward models. However, due to the presence of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Biqing Qi , Pengfei Li , Fangyuan Li , Junqi Gao , Kaiyan Zhang , Bowen Zhou

Radiography Report Generation (RRG) has gained significant attention in medical image analysis as a promising tool for alleviating the growing workload of radiologists. However, despite numerous advancements, existing methods have yet to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Valentin Samokhin , Boris Shirokikh , Mikhail Goncharov , Dmitriy Umerenkov , Maksim Bobrin , Ivan Oseledets , Dmitry Dylov , Mikhail Belyaev

Fine-grained video captioning aims to generate detailed, temporally coherent descriptions of video content. However, existing methods struggle to capture subtle video dynamics and rich detailed information. In this paper, we leverage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jisheng Dang , Yizhou Zhang , Hao Ye , Teng Wang , Siming Chen , Huicheng Zheng , Yulan Guo , Jianhuang Lai , Bin Hu

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants have become increasingly popular for aligning language models with human preferences. These methods aim to teach models to better distinguish between chosen (or preferred) and rejected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Xiliang Yang , Feng Jiang , Qianen Zhang , Lei Zhao , Xiao Li

While likelihood-based generative models, particularly diffusion and autoregressive models, have achieved remarkable fidelity in visual generation, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) objective, which minimizes the forward KL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Kaiwen Zheng , Yongxin Chen , Huayu Chen , Guande He , Ming-Yu Liu , Jun Zhu , Qinsheng Zhang

Fine-tuning text-to-image diffusion models with human feedback is an effective method for aligning model behavior with human intentions. However, this alignment process often suffers from slow convergence due to the large size and noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Yongjin Yang , Sihyeon Kim , Hojung Jung , Sangmin Bae , SangMook Kim , Se-Young Yun , Kimin Lee

Recent advances in diffusion models have improved Real-World Image Super-Resolution (Real-ISR), but existing methods lack human feedback integration, risking misalignment with human preference and may leading to artifacts, hallucinations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Miaomiao Cai , Simiao Li , Wei Li , Xudong Huang , Hanting Chen , Jie Hu , Yunhe Wang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become central to aligning large language models with human values, typically by first learning a reward model from preference data which is then used to update the model with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Keertana Chidambaram , Karthik Vinay Seetharaman , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Normative theories allow one to elicit key parts of a ML algorithm from first principles, which is crucial at a time of championed scrutiny for ML work. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) cleverly bypasses reward modeling by making an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Wenxuan Zhou , Shujian Zhang , Brice Magdalou , John Lambert , Ehsan Amid , Richard Nock , Andrew Hard

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is broadly utilized for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values because of its flexibility. Despite its effectiveness, it has been observed that the capability of DPO to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenqiao Zhu , Ji Liu , Lulu Wang , Jun Wu , Yulun Zhang

Existing methods for preference tuning of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models often rely on computationally expensive generation steps to create positive and negative pairs of images. These approaches frequently yield training pairs that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sanjana Reddy , Ishaan Malhi , Sally Ma , Praneet Dutta

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants have become the de facto standards for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences or specific goals. However, DPO requires high-quality preference data and suffers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zhuotong Chen , Fang Liu , Jennifer Zhu , Wanyu Du , Yanjun Qi

The generated responses of large language models (LLMs) are often fine-tuned to human preferences through a process called reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). As RLHF relies on a challenging training sequence, whereby a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiangkun Hu , Lemin Kong , Tong He , David Wipf

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) guides large language models (LLMs) to generate recommendations aligned with user historical behavior distributions by minimizing preference alignment loss. However, our systematic empirical research and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chu Zhao , Enneng Yang , Jianzhe Zhao , Guibing Guo

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has recently emerged as a popular approach to improve reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF), leading to better techniques to fine-tune large language models (LLM). A weakness of DPO, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Haoxian Chen , Hanyang Zhao , Henry Lam , David Yao , Wenpin Tang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become central to aligning large language models with human values, typically by first learning a reward model from preference data which is then used to update the model with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Keertana Chidambaram , Karthik Vinary Seetharaman , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Generating accurate glyphs for visual text rendering is essential yet challenging. Existing methods typically enhance text rendering by training on a large amount of high-quality scene text images, but the limited coverage of glyph…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xincheng Shuai , Ziye Li , Henghui Ding , Dacheng Tao

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) aligns language models using pairwise preference comparisons, offering a simple and effective alternative to Reinforcement Learning (RL) from human feedback. However, in many practical settings, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ning Liu , Chuanneng Sun , Kristina Klinkner , Shervin Malmasi
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