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The proliferation of hate speech on social media poses a significant threat to online communities, requiring effective detection systems. While deep learning models have shown promise, their performance often deteriorates in few-shot or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhenkai Qin , Dongze Wu , Yuxin Liu , Guifang Yang

Data annotation, the practice of assigning descriptive labels to raw data, is pivotal in optimizing the performance of machine learning models. However, it is a resource-intensive process susceptible to biases introduced by annotators. The…

The expanding influence of social media platforms over the past decade has impacted the way people communicate. The level of obscurity provided by social media and easy accessibility of the internet has facilitated the spread of hate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Susmita Das , Arpita Dutta , Kingshuk Roy , Abir Mondal , Arnab Mukhopadhyay

Sentiment Analysis typically refers to using natural language processing, text analysis and computational linguistics to extract affect and emotion based information from text data. Our work explores how we can effectively use deep neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Shahrukh Khan , Mahnoor Shahid

The spread of hate speech on social media space is currently a serious issue. The undemanding access to the enormous amount of information being generated on these platforms has led people to post and react with toxic content that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Abhishek Velankar , Hrushikesh Patil , Raviraj Joshi

Hate speech detection has been extensively studied, yet existing methods often overlook a real-world complexity: training labels are biased, and interpretations of what is considered hate vary across individuals with different cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Weibin Cai , Reza Zafarani

With the proliferation of social media, there has been a sharp increase in offensive content, particularly targeting vulnerable groups, exacerbating social problems such as hatred, racism, and sexism. Detecting offensive language use is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Toygar Tanyel , Besher Alkurdi , Serkan Ayvaz

Hate speech is a harmful form of online expression, often manifesting as derogatory posts. It is a significant risk in digital environments. With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs), there is concern about their potential to replicate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Paloma Piot , Javier Parapar

Online gender based violence has grown concomitantly with adoption of the internet and social media. Its effects are worse in the Global majority where many users use social media in languages other than English. The scale and volume of…

The widespread availability of code-mixed data can provide valuable insights into low-resource languages like Bengali, which have limited datasets. Sentiment analysis has been a fundamental text classification task across several languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Sadia Alam , Md Farhan Ishmam , Navid Hasin Alvee , Md Shahnewaz Siddique , Md Azam Hossain , Abu Raihan Mostofa Kamal

Sentiment analysis (SA) is a process of identifying the emotional tone or polarity within a given text and aims to uncover the user's complex emotions and inner feelings. While sentiment analysis has been extensively studied for languages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Hemal Mahmud , Hasan Mahmud , Mohammad Rifat Ahmmad Rashid

Online texts with toxic content are a clear threat to the users on social media in particular and society in general. Although many platforms have adopted various measures (e.g., machine learning-based hate-speech detection systems) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yiran Ye , Thai Le , Dongwon Lee

While social media empowers freedom of expression and individual voices, it also enables anti-social behavior, online harassment, cyberbullying, and hate speech. In this paper, we deepen our understanding of online hate speech by focusing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Mai ElSherief , Vivek Kulkarni , Dana Nguyen , William Yang Wang , Elizabeth Belding

Social media platforms have become central to global communication, yet they also facilitate the spread of hate speech. For underrepresented dialects like Levantine Arabic, detecting hate speech presents unique cultural, ethical, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ahmed Haj Ahmed , Rui-Jie Yew , Xerxes Minocher , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Algorithms are widely applied to detect hate speech and abusive language in social media. We investigated whether the human-annotated data used to train these algorithms are biased. We utilized a publicly available annotated Twitter dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Jae Yeon Kim , Carlos Ortiz , Sarah Nam , Sarah Santiago , Vivek Datta

Warning: this paper contains content that may be offensive or upsetting. Most hate speech datasets neglect the cultural diversity within a single language, resulting in a critical shortcoming in hate speech detection. To address this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Nayeon Lee , Chani Jung , Junho Myung , Jiho Jin , Jose Camacho-Collados , Juho Kim , Alice Oh

Intentionally luring readers to click on a particular content by exploiting their curiosity defines a title as clickbait. Although several studies focused on detecting clickbait titles in English articles, low resource language like Bangla…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Md. Motahar Mahtab , Monirul Haque , Mehedi Hasan , Farig Sadeque

Bangla is the sixth most widely spoken language globally, with approximately 234 million native speakers. However, progress in open-source Bangla machine translation remains limited. Most online resources are in English and often remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ayon Roy , Risat Rahaman , Sadat Shibly , Udoy Saha Joy , Abdulla Al Kafi , Farig Yousuf Sadeque

Social interaction across multiple online platforms is a challenge for gender and sexual minorities (GSM) due to the stigmatization they face, which increases the complexity of their self-presentation decisions. These online interactions…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Fayika Farhat Nova , Michael Ann Devito , Pratyasha Saha , Kazi Shohanur Rashid , Shashwata Roy Turzo , Sadia Afrin , Shion Guha

Sentence-level embedding is essential for various tasks that require understanding natural language. Many studies have explored such embeddings for high-resource languages like English. However, low-resource languages like Bengali (a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Muhammad Rafsan Kabir , Md. Mohibur Rahman Nabil , Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman Khan