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Related papers: Bayesian Reasoning Enabled by Spin-Orbit Torque Ma…

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Spin-orbit torque (SOT) based magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is envisioned as an emerging non-volatile memory due to its ultra-high speed and low power consumption. The field-free switching schema in SOT devices is of great interest…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 Min Wang , Zhaohao Wang , Chao Wang , Weisheng Zhao

Deep Spiking Neural Networks are becoming increasingly powerful tools for cognitive computing platforms. However, most of the existing literature on such computing models are developed with limited insights on the underlying hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Abhronil Sengupta , Maryam Parsa , Bing Han , Kaushik Roy

We demonstrate that thermally stable perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs), widely used in spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory, can be actuated with nanosecond pulses to exhibit tunable stochastic behavior. This…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Michael Tsao , Dairong Chen , Andrew D. Kent

The slowing down of Moore's Law has led to a crisis as the computing workloads of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms continue skyrocketing. There is an urgent need for scalable and energy-efficient hardware catering to the unique…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Shuvro Chowdhury , Kerem Y. Camsari

Spin filtering and its back-action spin transfer torque (STT) are key ingredients of latest spintronic devices based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Resonant tunneling (RT), implemented by design or occurring as parasitic effects, is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Maciej Bazarnik , Anika Schlenhoff

Bayesian networks are popular probabilistic models that capture the conditional dependencies among a set of variables. Inference in Bayesian networks is a fundamental task for answering probabilistic queries over a subset of variables in…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Martino Ciaperoni , Cigdem Aslay , Aristides Gionis , Michael Mathioudakis

Predicting chaotic systems is crucial for understanding complex behaviors, yet challenging due to their sensitivity to initial conditions and inherent unpredictability. Probabilistic Reservoir Computing (RC) is well-suited for long-term…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-03 Cen Wang , Xinyao Lei , Kaiming Cai , Xiaofei Yang , Yue Zhang

Combinatorial optimization problems are foundational challenges in fields such as artificial intelligence, logistics, and network design. Traditional algorithms, including greedy methods and dynamic programming, often struggle to balance…

The figures-of-merit for reservoir computing (RC), using spintronics devices called magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), are evaluated. RC is a type of recurrent neural network. The input information is stored in certain parts of the…

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) are promising sources for the randomness required by some compact and energy-efficient computing schemes. Coupling SMTJs gives rise to collective behavior that could be useful for cognitive…

Stochasticity plays a significant role in the low-power operation of a biological neural network. In an artificial neural network (ANN), stochasticity also contributes to critical functions such as the uncertainty quantification (UQ) for…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-10-17 Cen Wang , Guang Zeng , Xinyu Wen , Yuhui He , Wei Luo , Shiwei Chen , Shiheng Liang , Yue Zhang

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have found widespread applications in tasks such as pattern recognition and image classification. However, hardware implementations of ANNs using conventional binary arithmetic units are computationally…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Ankit Mondal , Ankur Srivastava

Writing magnetic bits by spin-orbit torques (SOTs) arising from spin Hall effect creates new possibilities for ultrafast and low-power magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM). For perpendicular MRAM, an extra in-plane field is required…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-25 Yang Liu , Bing Zhou , Zhengkun Dai , Enbo Zhang , Jian-Gang Zhu

As a compact representation of joint probability distributions over a dependence graph of random variables, and a tool for modelling and reasoning in the presence of uncertainty, Bayesian networks are of great importance for artificial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-06 Michael de Oliveira , Luis Soares Barbosa

Neuromorphic hardware as a non-Von Neumann architecture has better energy efficiency and parallelism than the conventional computer. Here, with numerical modeling spin-orbit torque (SOT) device using current-induced SOT and Joule heating…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Haotian Li , Liyuan Li , Kaiyuan Zhou , Chunjie Yan , Zhenyu Gao , Zishuang Li , Ronghua Liu

Extending Moore's law by augmenting complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors with emerging nanotechnologies (X) has become increasingly important. One important class of problems involve sampling-based Monte Carlo…

Probabilistic computers offer promising solutions for computationally hard problems in domains such as combinatorial optimization and machine learning. A key building block in these systems is the probabilistic bit (p-bit), which relies on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ju-Young Yoon , Nuno Cacoilo , Advait Madhavan , Jabez J. McClelland , Shun Kanai , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami , William A. Borders

A promising branch of neuromorphic computing aims to perform cognitive operations in hardware leveraging the physics of efficient and well-established nano-devices. In this work, we present a reconfigurable classifier based on a network of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-10 A. Lopez , D. Costa , T. Bohnert , P. P. Freitas , R. Ferreira , I. Barbero , J. Camarero , C. Leon , J. Grollier , M. Romera

The straintronic magnetic tunnel junction (s-MTJ) is an MTJ whose resistance state can be changed continuously or gradually from high to low with a gate voltage that generates strain the magnetostrictive soft layer. This unusual feature,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

We define a context-sensitive temporal probability logic for representing classes of discrete-time temporal Bayesian networks. Context constraints allow inference to be focused on only the relevant portions of the probabilistic knowledge.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Liem Ngo , Peter Haddawy , James Helwig