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We address the construction and interpretation of diffeomorphism-invariant observables in a low-energy effective theory of quantum gravity. The observables we consider are constructed as integrals over the space of coordinates, in analogy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-29 Steven B. Giddings , Donald Marolf , James B. Hartle

Assuming the von Neumann algebra associated with a generic de Sitter observer is properly infinite (type III) we use Connes cocycle to identify the unique ( up to unitary equivalence) background independent dominant weight on an extended…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-06 Cesar Gomez

We describe an algebra of observables for a static patch in de Sitter space, with operators gravitationally dressed to the worldline of an observer. The algebra is a von Neumann algebra of Type II$_1$. There is a natural notion of entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-07-04 Venkatesa Chandrasekaran , Roberto Longo , Geoff Penington , Edward Witten

It was recently shown that the von Neumann algebras of observables dressed to the mass of a Schwarzschild-AdS black hole or an observer in de Sitter are Type II, and thus admit well-defined traces. The von Neumann entropies of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-17 Jonah Kudler-Flam , Samuel Leutheusser , Gautam Satishchandran

In this paper the focus is on inflationary dynamics in the context of Einstein Gauss-Bonnet gravitational theories. We investigate the implications of the slow-roll condition on the slow-roll indices and we investigate how the inflationary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-26 S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou

Infinite entanglement fluctuations appear when a quantum field theory on a causally complete domain of space-time is a type $III$ factor. In the weak gravity limit $G_N=0$ this factor can be transformed into a crossed product type $II$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-01 C. Gomez

Recent advances in semiclassical gravity, both in our understanding of the gravitational path integral and the algebraic structure of a gravitating subregion, rely on the presence of an observer to obtain a nontrivial Hilbert space for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-02 Sean McBride

Within the framework of hybrid metric-Palatini gravity, we incorporate non-localities introduced via the inverse of the d'Alembert operators acting on the scalar curvature. We analyse the dynamical structure of the theory and, adopting a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-16 Flavio Bombacigno , Mariaveronica De Angelis , Carsten van de Bruck , William Giarè

An early result of algebraic quantum field theory is that the algebra of any subregion in a QFT is a von Neumann factor of type III$_1$, in which entropy cannot be well-defined because such algebras do not admit a trace or density states.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-02 Shadi Ali Ahmad , Ro Jefferson

In order to go beyond the mean-field approximation, commonly used in the inflationary computations, an identification of the quantum constituents of the inflationary background is made. In particular, the homogeneous scalar field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-08 Lasha Berezhiani

Gauge invariant local observables describing primordial scalar quantum fluctuations in Inflationary Cosmology are identified as elements of a type $II$ de Sitter crossed product algebra. This algebra is defined, after adding a reference…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-25 Cesar Gomez

We compute in detail how deviations from Einstein gravity at the inflation energy scale could appear as non-Gaussian features in the sky. To illustrate this we use multi-field $\alpha-$attractor models in the framework of supergravity to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-14 Nicola Bartolo , Domenico Matteo Bianco , Raul Jimenez , Sabino Matarrese , Licia Verde

One of the main technical obstacles in constructing a consistent theory of quantum gravity is that the metric itself defines the causal structure required for quantization. This motivates implementing quantum aspects of gravity through an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-16 Johas Morales , Yuri Bonder

We will argue in this paper that the type classification of v.Neumann algebras play an important role in a theory of quantum gravity and quantum space-time physics. We provide arguments that type $II_{\infty}$ and its representation as a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-13 Manfred Requardt

We study the algebra of observables in a time band on the boundary of anti-de Sitter space in a theory of quantum gravity. Strictly speaking this algebra does not have a commutant because products of operators within the time band give rise…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-25 Kristan Jensen , Suvrat Raju , Antony J. Speranza

The recent construction of integrable quantum field theories on two-dimensional Minkowski space by operator-algebraic methods is extended to models with a richer particle spectrum, including finitely many massive particle species…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-04-18 Gandalf Lechner , Christian Schützenhofer

By extending the method developed in our recent paper \cite{LM} we present the AQFT framework in terms of von Neumann algebras. In particular, this approach allows for a locally covariant categorical description of AQFT which moreover…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Louis E Labuschagne , W Adam Majewski

We study the kinematics and dynamics of subregion algebras in classical and perturbative quantum gravity associated with portions of null surfaces such as event horizons and finite causal diamonds. We construct half-sided supertranslation…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-14 Venkatesa Chandrasekaran , Éanna É. Flanagan

Quantum gravity in a closed universe faces two a priori distinct yet seemingly related issues: the problem of time and the fact that its Hilbert space dimension is one. Both have been argued to be resolvable by formulating physics relative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-27 Zixia Wei

These notes provide an explanation of the type classification of von Neumann algebras, which has made many appearances in recent work on entanglement in quantum field theory and quantum gravity. The goal is to bridge a gap in the literature…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-30 Jonathan Sorce