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Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is one of the most powerful technique of cardiovascular disease (CVD) early identification, and the introduction of intelligent wearable ECG devices has enabled daily monitoring. However, due to the need…
Using gradient descent (GD) with fixed or decaying step-size is a standard practice in unconstrained optimization problems. However, when the loss function is only locally convex, such a step-size schedule artificially slows GD down as it…
Large language models (LLMs) show promise in automating clinical diagnosis, yet their non-transparent decision-making and limited alignment with diagnostic standards hinder trust and clinical adoption. We address this challenge by proposing…
Early diagnosis of diseases holds the potential for deep transformation in healthcare by enabling better treatment options, improving long-term survival and quality of life, and reducing overall cost. With the advent of medical big data,…
Accurate prediction of joint kinematics and kinetics is essential for advancing gait analysis and developing intelligent assistive systems such as prosthetics and exoskeletons. This study presents a hybrid LSTM-UKF framework for estimating…
Background: Extensive clinical evidence suggests that a preventive screening of coronary heart disease (CHD) at an earlier stage can greatly reduce the mortality rate. We use 64 two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE)…
Wearable sensor-based human gait analysis holds great promise in healthcare, rehabilitation, clinical diagnosis and monitoring, and sports activities. Specifically, ground reaction force (GRF) provides essential insights into the body's…
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), a sudden decline in kidney function, is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, length of stay, and hospital cost. Since AKI is sometimes preventable, there is great interest in prediction. Most existing…
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is a major public health challenge. The disease is characterised by inflammation of synovial joints and cartilage erosion, which leads to chronic pain, poor life quality and, in some…
Weighting methods are essential tools for estimating causal effects in observational studies, with the goal of balancing pre-treatment covariates across treatment groups. Traditional approaches pursue this objective indirectly, for example,…
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) offers detailed evaluation of cardiac structure and function, but its limited accessibility restricts use to selected patient populations. In contrast, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is ubiquitous and…
In generalized regression models the effect of continuous covariates is commonly assumed to be linear. This assumption, however, may be too restrictive in applications and may lead to biased effect estimates and decreased predictive…
In biomedical studies, estimating drug effects on chronic diseases requires a long follow-up period, which is difficult to meet in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The use of a short-term surrogate to replace the long-term outcome for…
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects millions of people worldwide, yet its early detection remains challenging, especially in outpatient settings where laboratory-based renal biomarkers are often unavailable. In this work, we investigate…
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, degenerative neurological disorder. PD cannot be prevented, slowed or cured as of today but highly effective symptomatic treatments are available. We consider relevant estimands and treatment effect…
The time-varying effects model is a flexible and powerful tool for modeling the dynamic changes of covariate effects. However, in survival analysis, its computational burden increases quickly as the number of sample sizes or predictors…
Electrocardiogram (ECG) foundation models pretrained on typical diagnostic 10-second ECG segments, have demonstrated strong transferability across a range of clinical applications. However, many real-world applications produce recordings…
Machine learning (ML) has the potential to become an essential tool in supporting clinical decision-making processes, offering enhanced diagnostic capabilities and personalized treatment plans. However, outsourcing medical records to train…
This paper introduces a framework for state estimation on a humanoid robot platform using only common proprioceptive sensors and knowledge of leg kinematics. The presented approach extends that detailed in [1] on a quadruped platform by…
Deep learning models for pulmonary disease screening from Computed Tomography (CT) scans promise to alleviate the immense workload on radiologists. Still, their high computational cost, stemming from processing entire 3D volumes, remains a…