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Build automation tools and package managers have a profound influence on software development. They facilitate the reuse of third-party libraries, support a clear separation between the application's code and its external dependencies, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-08 César Soto-Valero , Nicolas Harrand , Martin Monperrus , Benoit Baudry

Open-source software (OSS) greatly facilitates program development for developers. However, the high number of vulnerabilities in open-source software is a major concern, including in Golang, a relatively new programming language. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Jinchang Hu , Lyuye Zhang , Chengwei Liu , Sen Yang , Song Huang , Yang Liu

Relying on dependency packages accelerates software development, but it also increases the exposure to security vulnerabilities that may be present in dependencies. While developers have full control over which dependency packages (and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Abbas Javan Jafari , Diego Elias Costa , Ahmad Abdellatif , Emad Shihab

Motivation: The question of what combination of attributes drives the adoption of a particular software technology is critical to developers. It determines both those technologies that receive wide support from the community and those which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Yuxing Ma , Audris Mockus , Beth Milhollin , Russel Zaretzki , Randy Bradley , Bogdan Bichescu

The Maven Central Repository provides an extraordinary source of data to understand complex architecture and evolution phenomena among Java applications. As of September 6, 2018, this repository includes 2.8M artifacts (compiled piece of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-17 Amine Benelallam , Nicolas Harrand , César Soto Valero , Benoit Baudry , Olivier Barais

Background: Open source software ecosystems exhibit dense dependency networks in which maintenance degradation of structurally central packages can propagate widely. Despite increasing attention to open source sustainability, existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Alexandros Tsakpinis , Emil Schwenger , Alexander Pretschner

Maven Central is a large popular repository of Java components that has evolved over the last 20 years. The distribution of dependencies indicates that the repository is dominated by a relatively small number of components other components…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Nkiru Ede , Jens Dietrich , Ulrich Zülicke

As modern software extensively uses free open source packages as dependencies, developers have to regularly pull in new third-party code through frequent updates. However, without a proper review of every incoming change, vulnerable and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Nasif Imtiaz , Laurie Williams

The R package ecosystem is expanding fast and dependencies among packages in the ecosystem are becoming more complex. In this study, we explored the package dependencies from a new aspect. We applied a new metric named "dependency…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Zuguang Gu

Due to the diffusion of IoT, modern software systems are often thought to control and coordinate smart devices in order to manage assets and resources, and to guarantee efficient behaviours. For this class of systems, which interact…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Valentina Castiglioni , Michele Loreti , Simone Tini

The sustainability of libraries is critical for modern software development, yet many libraries face abandonment, posing significant risks to dependent projects. This study explores the prevalence and patterns of library abandonment in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Kazi Amit Hasan , Jerin Yasmin , Huizi Hao , Yuan Tian , Safwat Hassan , Steven Ding

We study the evolution and impact of bloated dependencies in a single software ecosystem: Java/Maven. Bloated dependencies are third-party libraries that are packaged in the application binary but are not needed to run the application. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-01 César Soto-Valero , Thomas Durieux , Benoit Baudry

As software systems grow in complexity, accurately identifying and managing dependencies among changes becomes increasingly critical. For instance, a change that leverages a function must depend on the change that introduces it.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ali Arabat , Mohammed Sayagh , Jameleddine Hassine

The Maven Central ecosystem forms the backbone of Java dependency management, hosting artifacts that vary significantly in their adoption, security, and ecosystem roles. Artifact reuse is fundamental in software development, with ecosystems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Mehedi Hasan Shanto , Muhammad Asaduzzaman , Manishankar Mondal , Shaiful Chowdhury

Third-party dependency updates can cause a build to fail if the new dependency version introduces a change that is incompatible with the usage: this is called a breaking dependency update. Research on breaking dependency updates is active,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Frank Reyes , Yogya Gamage , Gabriel Skoglund , Benoit Baudry , Martin Monperrus

Towards understanding the ecosystem gap of fixed-release Linux that is caused by the evolution of mirrors, we conducted a comprehensive study of the Debian ecosystem. This study involved the collection of Debian packages and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Wei Tang , Zhengzi Xu , Chengwei Liu , Ping Luo , Yang Liu

Security vulnerability in third-party dependencies is a growing concern not only for developers of the affected software, but for the risks it poses to an entire software ecosystem, e.g., Heartbleed vulnerability. Recent studies show that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Bodin Chinthanet , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Shane McIntosh , Takashi Ishio , Akinori Ihara , Kenichi Matsumoto

Industry practitioners are increasingly concerned with software that contains vulnerable versions of third-party dependencies that are included both directly and transitively. To address this problem, projects are encouraged to both…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Imranur Rahman , Ranindya Paramitha , William Enck , Laurie Williams

Maven artifacts are immutable: an artifact that is uploaded on Maven Central cannot be removed nor modified. The only way for developers to upgrade their library is to release a new version. Consequently, Maven Central accumulates all the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-28 César Soto-Valero , Amine Benelallam , Nicolas Harrand , Olivier Barais , Benoit Baudry

Identifying the impact scope and scale is critical for software supply chain vulnerability assessment. However, existing studies face substantial limitations. First, prior studies either work at coarse package-level granularity, producing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Bonan Ruan , Zhiwei Lin , Jiahao Liu , Chuqi Zhang , Kaihang Ji , Zhenkai Liang