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It is widely known that Google Trends have become one of the most popular free tools used by forecasters both in academics and in the private and public sectors. There are many papers, from several different fields, concluding that Google…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-04-13 Marcelo C. Medeiros , Henrique F. Pires

Using non-linear machine learning methods and a proper backtest procedure, we critically examine the claim that Google Trends can predict future price returns. We first review the many potential biases that may influence backtests with this…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-03-10 Damien Challet , Ahmed Bel Hadj Ayed

Web search data are a valuable source of business and economic information. Previous studies have utilized Google Trends web search data for economic forecasting. We expand this work by providing algorithms to combine and aggregate search…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-03-28 Stephen L. France , Yuying Shi

In recent years, the availability of larger amounts of energy data and advanced machine learning algorithms has created a surge in building energy prediction research. However, one of the variables in energy prediction models, occupant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Chun Fu , Clayton Miller

Early prediction of the prevalence of influenza reduces its impact. Various studies have been conducted to predict the number of influenza-infected people. However, these studies are not highly accurate especially in the distant future such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Kenjiro Kondo , Akihiko Ishikawa , Masashi Kimura

We check the claims that data from Google Trends contain enough data to predict future financial index returns. We first discuss the many subtle (and less subtle) biases that may affect the backtest of a trading strategy, particularly when…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-03-19 Damien Challet , Ahmed Bel Hadj Ayed

Obtaining an accurate picture of the current state of the economy is particularly important to central banks and finance ministries, and of epidemics to health ministries. There is increasing interest in the use of search engine data to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-05 Paul Ormerod , Rickard Nyman , R Alexander Bentley

In recent years, the use of databases that analyze trends, sentiments or news to make economic projections or create indicators has gained significant popularity, particularly with the Google Trends platform. This article explores the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-03-31 Juan Tenorio , Heidi Alpiste , Jakelin Remón , Arian Segil

Accurate real-time tracking of influenza outbreaks helps public health officials make timely and meaningful decisions that could save lives. We propose an influenza tracking model, ARGO (AutoRegression with GOogle search data), that uses…

Applications · Statistics 2015-11-17 Shihao Yang , Mauricio Santillana , S. C. Kou

The forecasting of political, economic, and public health indicators using internet activity has demonstrated mixed results. For example, while some measures of explicitly surveyed public opinion correlate well with social media proxies,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Yi Li , Asieh Ahani , Haimao Zhan , Kevin Foley , Thayer Alshaabi , Kelsey Linnell , Peter Sheridan Dodds , Christopher M. Danforth , Adam Fox

We present a machine learning-based methodology capable of providing real-time ("nowcast") and forecast estimates of influenza activity in the US by leveraging data from multiple data sources including: Google searches, Twitter microblogs,…

Applications · Statistics 2016-02-17 Mauricio Santillana , Andre T. Nguyen , Mark Dredze , Michael J. Paul , John S. Brownstein

Among other macroeconomic indicators, the monthly release of U.S. unemployment rate figures in the Employment Situation report by the U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics gets a lot of media attention and strongly affects the stock markets. I…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-02 Johannes Bock

This report describes the aggregation and anonymization process applied to the initial version of COVID-19 Search Trends symptoms dataset (published at https://goo.gle/covid19symptomdataset on September 2, 2020), a publicly available…

Google Trends is a tool that allows researchers to analyze the popularity of Google search queries across time and space. In a single request, users can obtain time series for up to 5 queries on a common scale, normalized to the range from…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Robert West

So far, Google Trend data have been used for influenza surveillance in many European and American countries; however, there are few attempts to apply the low-cost surveillance method in Asian developing countries. To investigate the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-12-11 Xichuan Zhou , Qin Li , Han Zhao , Shengli Li , Lei Yu , Fang Tang , Shengdong Hu , Guojun Li , Yujie Feng

Influenza is an infectious disease with the potential to become a pandemic, and hence, forecasting its prevalence is an important undertaking for planning an effective response. Research has found that web search activity can be used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Michael Morris , Peter Hayes , Ingemar J. Cox , Vasileios Lampos

In the literature about web survey methodology, significant efforts have been made to understand the role of time-invariant factors (e.g. gender, education and marital status) in (non-)response mechanisms. Time-invariant factors alone,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Qixiang Fang , Joep Burger , Ralph Meijers , Kees van Berkel

Millions of people turn to Google Search each day for information on things as diverse as new cars or flu symptoms. The terms that they enter contain valuable information on their daily intent and activities, but the information in these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Thomas Mulc , Jennifer L. Steele

Public health surveillance systems often fail to detect emerging infectious diseases, particularly in resource limited settings. By integrating relevant clinical and internet-source data, we can close critical gaps in coverage and…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-05 Kai Liu , Ravi Srinivasan , Lauren Ancel Meyers

GoogleTrendArchive is a comprehensive archive of Google Trending Now data spanning over one year (from November 28, 2024 to January 3, 2026) across 125 countries and 1,358 locations. Unlike Google Trends, which requires specifying search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Aleksandra Urman , Anikó Hannák , Joachim Baumann
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