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Related papers: Cooperative Dilemmas in Rational Debate

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Deliberate deceptiveness intended to gain an advantage is commonplace in human and animal societies. In a social dilemma, an individual may only pretend to be a cooperator to elicit cooperation from others, while in reality he is a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-11-03 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

People's collectively shared beliefs can have significant social implications, including on democratic processes and policies. Unfortunately, as people interact with peers to form and update their beliefs, various cognitive and social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Mohammad Ratul Mahjabin , Raiyan Abdul Baten

Human social dilemmas are often shaped by actions involving uncertain goals and returns that may only be achieved in the future. Climate action, voluntary vaccination and other prospective choices stand as paramount examples of this…

Social dilemmas are an integral part of social interactions. Cooperative actions, ranging from secreting extra-cellular products in microbial populations to donating blood in humans, are costly to the actor and hence create an incentive to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-26 Chaitanya S. Gokhale , Christoph Hauert

Fighting against climate change is a global challenge shared by nations with heterogeneous economical resources and individuals with diverse propensity for cooperation. However, we lack a clear understanding of the role of key factors such…

Conflict in research teams was a near-ubiquitous phenomenon, with the three top issues being lack of respect or overconfidence, non-collegial behaviour and authorship. Most frequently involved (and perceived as most helpful) were informal…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-28 Maike Reimer , Bianca Burkert , Theresa Goerg , Isabell M. Welpe

Dynamic epistemic logics which model abilities of agents to make various announcements and influence each other's knowledge have been studied extensively in recent years. Two notable examples of such logics are Group Announcement Logic and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Rustam Galimullin , Natasha Alechina

When an individual's behavior has rational characteristics, this may lead to irrational collective actions for the group. A wide range of organisms from animals to humans often evolve the social attribute of cooperation to meet this…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Zhenbo Cheng , Xingguang Liu , Leilei Zhang , Hangcheng Meng , Qin Li , Xiao Gang

Group discussions are a way for individuals to exchange ideas and arguments in order to reach better decisions than they could on their own. One of the premises of productive discussions is that better solutions will prevail, and that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Liye Fu , Lillian Lee , Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil

Language is not only used to transmit neutral information; we often seek to persuade by arguing in favor of a particular view. Persuasion raises a number of challenges for classical accounts of belief updating, as information cannot be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Samuel A. Barnett , Thomas L. Griffiths , Robert D. Hawkins

Multi-agent debate (MAD) has recently emerged as a promising framework for improving the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs). Yet, whether LLM agents can genuinely engage in deliberative reasoning, beyond simple ensembling…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Haolun Wu , Zhenkun Li , Lingyao Li

An agent, or a coalition of agents, faces an ethical dilemma between several statements if she is forced to make a conscious choice between which of these statements will be true. This paper proposes to capture ethical dilemmas as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Pavel Naumov , Rui-Jie Yew

In this paper, we investigate deliberation procedures that invite citizens with contextual opinions to explore alternative thinking frames. Contextuality is captured in a simple quantum cognitive model. We show how disagreeing citizens…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-02 Ariane Lambert-Mogiliansky , Irénée Frérot

In real world, individual rationality varies for the sake of the diversity of people's individuality. In order to investigate how diversity of agent's rationality affects the evolution of cooperation, we introduce the individual rationality…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-19 Y. -Z. Chen , Z. -G. Huang , S. -J. Wang , Y. Zhang , Y. -H. Wang

Winning competitive debates requires sophisticated reasoning and argument skills. There are unique challenges in the competitive debate: (1) The time constraints force debaters to make strategic choices about which points to pursue rather…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Danqing Wang , Zhuorui Ye , Xinran Zhao , Fei Fang , Lei Li

Dynamic epistemic logics which model abilities of agents to make various announcements and influence each other's knowledge have been studied extensively in recent years. Two notable examples of such logics are Group Announcement Logic and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Rustam Galimullin , Natasha Alechina

In a social dilemma situation, where individual and collective interests are in conflict, it sounds a reasonable assumption that the presence of super or smart players, who simultaneously punish defection and reward cooperation without…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-03 Hsuan-Wei Lee , Colin Cleveland , Attila Szolnoki

The standard iterated prisoner's dilemma is an unrealistic model of social behaviour because it forces individuals to participate in the interaction. We analyse a model in which players have the option of ending their association. If the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 L. A. Khodarinova , J. N. Webb

Various theoretical and empirical studies have accounted for why humans cooperate in competitive environments. Although prior work has revealed that network structure and multiplex interactions can promote cooperation, most theory assumes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-05 Jnanajyoti Bhaumik , Naoki Masuda

Common methods for aligning large language models (LLMs) with desired behaviour heavily rely on human-labelled data. However, as models grow increasingly sophisticated, they will surpass human expertise, and the role of human evaluation…