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Automated unit test case generation tools facilitate test-driven development and support developers by suggesting tests intended to identify flaws in their code. Existing approaches are usually guided by the test coverage criteria,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Michele Tufano , Dawn Drain , Alexey Svyatkovskiy , Shao Kun Deng , Neel Sundaresan

Implementing automated unit tests is an important but time-consuming activity in software development. To assist developers in this task, many techniques for automating unit test generation have been developed. However, despite this effort,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Rangeet Pan , Myeongsoo Kim , Rahul Krishna , Raju Pavuluri , Saurabh Sinha

Unit testing is a critical part of software development process, ensuring the correctness of basic programming units in a program (e.g., a method). Search-based software testing (SBST) is an automated approach to generating test cases. SBST…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zhichao Zhou , Yuming Zhou , Chunrong Fang , Zhenyu Chen , Yutian Tang

Automated unit test generation is critical for software quality but traditional structure-driven methods often lack the semantic understanding required to produce realistic inputs and oracles. Large language models (LLMs) address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Bei Chu , Yang Feng , Kui Liu , Zhaoqiang Guo , Yichi Zhang , Hange Shi , Zifan Nan , Baowen Xu

Automated test generation (ATG), which aims to reduce the cost of manual test suite development, has been investigated for decades and has produced countless techniques based on a variety of approaches: symbolic analysis, search-based,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Rangeet Pan , Tyler Stennett , Raju Pavuluri , Nate Levin , Alessandro Orso , Saurabh Sinha

Software testing is an expensive process, which is vital in the industry. Construction of the test-data in software testing requires the major cost and to decide which method to use in order to generate the test data is important. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-11-25 Arash Mehrmand , Robert Feldt

Type errors in Python often lead to runtime failures, posing significant challenges to software reliability and developer productivity. Existing static analysis tools aim to detect such errors without execution but frequently suffer from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Chen Yang , Ziqi Wang , Yanjie Jiang , Lin Yang , Yuteng Zheng , Jianyi Zhou , Junjie Chen

Natural language generation tools are powerful and effective for generating content. However, language models are known to display bias and fairness issues, making them impractical to deploy for many use cases. We here focus on how fairness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Kevin Stowe , Benny Longwill , Alyssa Francis , Tatsuya Aoyama , Debanjan Ghosh , Swapna Somasundaran

Synchronous systems provide a basic model of embedded systems and industrial systems are modeled as Simulink diagrams and/or Lustre programs. Although the test generation problem is critical in the development of safe systems, it often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Daisuke Ishii , Takashi Tomita , Kenji Onishi , Toshiaki Aoki

Model-based testing relies on behavior models for the generation of model traces: input and expected output---test cases---for an implementation. We use the case study of an automotive network controller to assess different test suites in…

The hallucination of code generation models hinders their applicability to systems requiring higher safety standards. One critical bottleneck in addressing code hallucination is the difficulty of identifying the functional correctness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jaewoo Jeong , Taesoo Kim , Sangdon Park

Generating meaningful assert statements is one of the key challenges in automated test case generation, which requires understanding the intended functionality of the tested code. Recently, deep learning-based models have shown promise in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yuwei Zhang , Zhi Jin , Zejun Wang , Ying Xing , Ge Li

We describe a novel approach to automating unit test generation for Java methods using large language models (LLMs). Existing LLM-based approaches rely on sample usage(s) of the method to test (focal method) and/or provide the entire class…

Many software systems originate as prototypes or minimum viable products (MVPs), developed with an emphasis on delivery speed and responsiveness to changing requirements rather than long-term code maintainability. While effective for rapid…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ema Smolic , Mario Brcic , Luka Hobor , Mihael Kovac

This article discusses a new technique to automatically generate test cases for object oriented programs. At the state of the art, the problem of generating adequate sets of complete test cases has not been satisfactorily solved yet. There…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Matteo Modonato

Automated tests play an important role in software evolution because they can rapidly detect faults introduced during changes. In practice, code-coverage metrics are often used as criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of test suites with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Rainer Niedermayr , Elmar Juergens , Stefan Wagner

Safe deployment of large language models (LLMs) may benefit from a reliable method for assessing their generated content to determine when to abstain or to selectively generate. While likelihood-based metrics such as perplexity are widely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Jie Ren , Yao Zhao , Tu Vu , Peter J. Liu , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Due to the difficulty of acquiring extensive real-world data, robot simulation has become crucial for parallel training and sim-to-real transfer, highlighting the importance of scalable simulated robotic tasks. Foundation models have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Feng Chen , Botian Xu , Pu Hua , Peiqi Duan , Yanchao Yang , Yi Ma , Huazhe Xu

Software testing has progressed toward intelligent automation, yet current AI-based test generators still suffer from static, single-shot outputs that frequently produce invalid, redundant, or non-executable tests due to the lack of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Saba Naqvi , Mohammad Baqar , Nawaz Ali Mohammad

Unit tests represent the most basic level of testing within the software testing lifecycle and are crucial to ensuring software correctness. Designing and creating unit tests is a costly and labor-intensive process that is ripe for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Andrea Lops , Fedelucio Narducci , Azzurra Ragone , Michelantonio Trizio , Claudio Bartolini