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This paper investigates the detection of misinformation, which deceives readers by explicitly fabricating misleading content or implicitly omitting important information necessary for informed judgment. While the former has been extensively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhengjia Wang , Danding Wang , Qiang Sheng , Jiaying Wu , Juan Cao

The widespread prevalence of misinformation poses significant societal concerns. Out-of-context misinformation, where authentic images are paired with false text, is particularly deceptive and easily misleads audiences. Most existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Giovanni Pio Delvecchio , Huy Hong Nguyen , Isao Echizen

With the proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs), the detection of misinformation has become increasingly important and complex. This research proposes an innovative verifiable misinformation detection LLM agent that goes beyond…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zikun Cui , Tianyi Huang , Chia-En Chiang , Cuiqianhe Du

Misinformation is prevalent in various fields such as education, politics, health, etc., causing significant harm to society. However, current methods for cross-domain misinformation detection rely on effort- and resource-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhiwei Liu , Kailai Yang , Qianqian Xie , Christine de Kock , Sophia Ananiadou , Eduard Hovy

Social media misinformation harms individuals and societies and is potentialized by fast-growing multi-modal content (i.e., texts and images), which accounts for higher "credibility" than text-only news pieces. Although existing supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Hui Liu , Wenya Wang , Hao Sun , Anderson Rocha , Haoliang Li

The increasing proliferation of misinformation and its alarming impact have motivated both industry and academia to develop approaches for misinformation detection and fact checking. Recent advances on large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Sahar Tahmasebi , Eric Müller-Budack , Ralph Ewerth

Misinformation spans various domains, but detection methods trained on specific domains often perform poorly when applied to others. With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have begun to utilize LLMs for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Hui Li , Ante Wang , kunquan li , Zhihao Wang , Liang Zhang , Delai Qiu , Qingsong Liu , Jinsong Su

Preventing the spread of misinformation is challenging. The detection of misleading content presents a significant hurdle due to its extreme linguistic and domain variability. Content-based models have managed to identify deceptive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Flavio Merenda , José Manuel Gómez-Pérez

The widespread of false information is a rising concern worldwide with critical social impact, inspiring the emergence of fact-checking organizations to mitigate misinformation dissemination. However, human-driven verification leads to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Vítor Lourenço , Aline Paes

Natural language misinformation detection approaches have been, to date, largely dependent on sequence classification methods, producing opaque systems in which the reasons behind classification as misinformation are unclear. While an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Ramon Ruiz-Dolz , John Lawrence

With the advent of deep learning, text generation language models have improved dramatically, with text at a similar level as human-written text. This can lead to rampant misinformation because content can now be created cheaply and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Sai Gurrapu , Lifu Huang , Feras A. Batarseh

The rapid spread of multimodal misinformation on social media calls for more effective and robust detection methods. Recent advances leveraging multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown the potential in addressing this challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yuzhuo Xiao , Zeyu Han , Yuhan Wang , Huaizu Jiang

The misuse of real photographs with conflicting image captions in news items is an example of the out-of-context (OOC) misuse of media. In order to detect OOC media, individuals must determine the accuracy of the statement and evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Guangyang Wu , Weijie Wu , Xiaohong Liu , Kele Xu , Tianjiao Wan , Wenyi Wang

The widespread dissemination of multimodal content on social media has made misinformation detection increasingly challenging, as misleading narratives often arise not only from textual or visual content alone, but also from semantic…

The democratization of LLMs has accelerated the generation and circulation of highly fluent disinformation, making traditional syntax-semantic verification increasingly insufficient. Such deception rarely relies solely on surface-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Shang Luo , Yingguang Yang , Zhenchen Sun , Yang Liu , Bin Chong , Jingru Chen , Yancheng Chen , Jiayu Liang , Kefu Xu , Hao Peng , Philip S. Yu

The landscape of social media content has evolved significantly, extending from text to multimodal formats. This evolution presents a significant challenge in combating misinformation. Previous research has primarily focused on single…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Zhe Fu , Kanlun Wang , Wangjiaxuan Xin , Lina Zhou , Shi Chen , Yaorong Ge , Daniel Janies , Dongsong Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can alleviate hallucinations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by referencing external documents. However, the misinformation in external documents may mislead LLMs' generation. To address this issue, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Boyi Deng , Wenjie Wang , Fengbin Zhu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

This article introduces misinfo-general, a benchmark dataset for evaluating misinformation models' ability to perform out-of-distribution generalization. Misinformation changes rapidly, much more quickly than moderators can annotate at…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ivo Verhoeven , Pushkar Mishra , Ekaterina Shutova

This article revisits the widely studied problem of disinformation and related phenomena in online social networks (OSNs) by reframing it as a broader problem of misrepresentation. While disinformation is commonly understood as the…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for reliable and trustworthy machine learning. Recent multi-modal OOD detection leverages textual information from in-distribution (ID) class names for visual OOD detection, yet it currently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yi Dai , Hao Lang , Kaisheng Zeng , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li