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Waveforms with ideal ambiguity functions are fundamental to integrated sensing and communication, to active sensing (radar), and to uplink multiple access. We describe a general method of constructing waveforms using the discrete Zak…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Nishant Mehrotra , Sandesh Rao Mattu , Robert Calderbank

Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) has garnered significant attention as a promising technology for next-generation wireless and vehicular communications. Among candidate waveforms, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Eya Gourar , Yahia Medjahdi , Laurent Clavier , Abdul Karim Gizzini , Patrick Sondi

Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar with inter-chirp coding produces high side-lobes in the Doppler and range dimensions of the radar's ambiguity function. The high side-lobes may cause miss-detection due to masking between…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Zahra Esmaeilbeig , Arindam Bose , Mojtaba Soltanalian

The existence of multipath brings extra "looks" of targets. This paper considers the extended target detection problem with a narrow band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO) radar in the presence of multipath from the view of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-29 Zhou Xu , Chongyi Fan , Jian Wang , Xiaotao Huang

This paper characterizes the mainlobe and sidelobe structure of the Multi-Tone Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (MTSFM) transmit waveform's narrowband Ambiguity Function (AF) for active sonar applications. The MTSFM waveform's modulation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-11 David A. Hague

A new approach to solving a class of rankconstrained semi-definite programming (SDP) problems, which appear in many signal processing applications such as transmit beamspace design in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, downlink…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-10 Matthew W. Morency , Sergiy A. Vorobyov

In this paper, we consider the problem of information-theoretic waveform design for active sensing systems such as radar for extended targets. Contrary to the popular formulation of the problem in the estimation-theoretic context, we are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-24 Mir H. Mahmood , Mark R. Bell

We investigate the theory of affine groups in the context of designing radar waveforms that obey the desired wideband ambiguity function (WAF). The WAF is obtained by correlating the signal with its time-dilated, Doppler-shifted, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Kumar Vijay Mishra , Samuel Pinilla , Ali Pezeshki , A. Robert Calderbank

Integrated localization and communication systems aim to reuse communication waveforms for simultaneous data transmission and localization, but delay resolution is fundamentally limited by the available bandwidth. In practice, large…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Jialun Kou , Achiel Colpaert , Zhuangzhuang Cui , Sofie Pollin

Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation offers robust performance in high-mobility scenarios by transforming time-varying channels into the delay-Doppler (DD) domain. However, in high-mobility environment such as emerging 5G…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Bo-Yuan Chen , Hsuan-Jung Su

This paper presents a unified and system-agnostic analysis of the ambiguity function (AF) characteristics of four representative multicarrier waveforms, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), orthogonal time frequency space…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Hyeon Seok Rou , Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu

Affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) has recently emerged as a promising waveform for doubly-selective channles [1],[2], owing to its ability to fully exploit time-frequency diversity through appropriate tuning of the chirp-rate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Haojian Zhang , Jiayan Yang , Tingting Zhang , Xu Zhu , Qinyu Zhang

This paper investigates the ambiguity function (AF) of the emerging affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) waveform for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) signaling under a pulse shaping regime. Specifically, we first derive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-07 Yuanhan Ni , Fan Liu , Haoran Yin , Yanqun Tang , Zulin Wang

Directional modulation (DM), as an efficient secure transmission way, offers security through its directive property and is suitable for line-of-propagation (LoP) channels such as millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Feng Shu , Yaolu Qin , Riqing Chen , Ling Xu , Tong Shen , Siming Wan , Shi Jin , Jiangzhou Wang , Xiaohu You

There is significant recent interest in designing new modulation schemes for doubly-selective channels with large delay and Doppler spreads, where legacy modulation schemes based on time-frequency signal representations underperform.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Nishant Mehrotra , Sandesh Rao Mattu , Robert Calderbank

High-mobility scenarios will be a critical part of 6G systems. Since the widely deployed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform suffers from subcarrier orthogonality loss under severe Doppler spread, delay-Doppler domain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Yiyan Ma , Bo Ai , Jinhong Yuan , Shuangyang Li , Qingqing Cheng , Zhenguo Shi , Weijie Yuan , Zhiqiang Wei , Akram Shafie , Guoyu Ma , Yunlong Lu , Mi Yang , Zhangdui Zhong

In this paper, we develop new fast and efficient algorithms for designing single/multiple unimodular waveforms/codes with good auto- and cross-correlation or weighted correlation properties, which are highly desired in radar and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Yongzhe Li , Sergiy A. Vorobyov

Pilot sequence design over doubly selective channels (DSC) is challenging due to the variations in both the time- and frequency-domains. Against this background, the contribution of this paper is twofold: Firstly, we investigate the optimal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zhi Gu , Zhengchun Zhou , Pingzhi Fan , Avik Ranjan Adhikary , Zilong Liu

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a pivotal enabler for next-generation wireless networks. A key challenge in ISAC systems lies in designing dual-functional waveforms that can achieve satisfactory radar sensing accuracy by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Peishi Li , Ming Li , Rang Liu , Qian Liu , A. Lee Swindlehurst

Emitting phased array RF systems have to contend with an ever-increasing number of eavesdroppers as technological advancements provide lower cost and/or more capable radios. Often, eavesdroppers can accumulate sufficient information…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 David Couto , Arash Samani , Alec Yonika