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A monitor is a widely-used concurrent programming abstraction that encapsulates all shared state between threads. Monitors can be classified as being either implicit or explicit depending on the primitives they provide. Implicit monitors…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Kostas Ferles , Benjamin Sepanski , Rahul Krishnan , James Bornholt , Isil Dillig

In this paper, we propose a system-level approach for verifying the safety of neural network controlled systems, combining a continuous-time physical system with a discrete-time neural network based controller. We assume a generic model for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Arthur Clavière , Eric Asselin , Christophe Garion , Claire Pagetti

When we rely on deep-learned models for robotic perception, we must recognize that these models may behave unreliably on inputs dissimilar from the training data, compromising the closed-loop system's safety. This raises fundamental…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Rohan Sinha , Edward Schmerling , Marco Pavone

Capturing uncertainty in models of complex dynamical systems is crucial to designing safe controllers. Stochastic noise causes aleatoric uncertainty, whereas imprecise knowledge of model parameters leads to epistemic uncertainty. Several…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-08 Thom Badings , Licio Romao , Alessandro Abate , Nils Jansen

Automated extraction of semantic information from a network of sensors for cognitive analysis and human-like reasoning is a desired capability in future ground surveillance systems. We tackle the problem of complex decision making under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-04 Atul Kanaujia , Tae Eun Choe , Hongli Deng

Monitoring is an important part of the verification toolbox, in particular in situations where exhaustive verification using, e.g., model-checking is infeasible. The goal of online monitoring is to determine the satisfaction or violation of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Thomas M. Grosen , Sean Kauffman , Kim G. Larsen , Martin Zimmermann

Learning-based methods provide a promising approach to solving highly non-linear control tasks that are often challenging for classical control methods. To ensure the satisfaction of a safety property, learning-based methods jointly learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Emily Yu , Đorđe Žikelić , Thomas A. Henzinger

Performance monitoring of machine learning (ML)-based risk prediction models in healthcare is complicated by the issue of confounding medical interventions (CMI): when an algorithm predicts a patient to be at high risk for an adverse event,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-17 Jean Feng , Alexej Gossmann , Gene Pennello , Nicholas Petrick , Berkman Sahiner , Romain Pirracchio

Verified controller synthesis uses world models that comprise all potential behaviours of humans, robots, further equipment, and the controller to be synthesised. A world model enables quantitative risk assessment, for example, by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Mario Gleirscher , Jan Peleska

Modern autonomous systems with machine learning components often use uncertainty quantification to help produce assurances about system operation. However, there is a lack of consensus in the community on what uncertainty is and how to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Sampada Deglurkar , Haotian Shen , Anish Muthali , Marco Pavone , Dragos Margineantu , Peter Karkus , Boris Ivanovic , Claire J. Tomlin

Condition monitoring of industrial systems is crucial for ensuring safety and maintenance planning, yet notable challenges arise in real-world settings due to the limited or non-existent availability of fault samples. This paper introduces…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Maryam Ahang , Mostafa Abbasi , Todd Charter , Homayoun Najjaran

This paper puts forward the concept that learning to take safe actions in unknown environments, even with probability one guarantees, can be achieved without the need for an unbounded number of exploratory trials. This is indeed possible,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-14 Agustin Castellano , Hancheng Min , Juan Bazerque , Enrique Mallada

In this paper, we introduce a probabilistic approach to risk assessment of robot systems by focusing on the impact of uncertainties. While various approaches to identifying systematic hazards (e.g., bugs, design flaws, etc.) can be found in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Woo-Jeong Baek , Tom P. Huck , Joschka Haas , Jonas Lewandrowski , Tamim Asfour , Torsten Kröger

In the context of Industry 4.0, effective monitoring of multiple targets and states during assembly processes is crucial, particularly when constrained to using only visual sensors. Traditional methods often rely on either multiple sensor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Xingjian Zhang , Yutong Duan , Zaishu Chen

We consider parametric Markov decision processes (pMDPs) that are augmented with unknown probability distributions over parameter values. The problem is to compute the probability to satisfy a temporal logic specification with any concrete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Thom Badings , Murat Cubuktepe , Nils Jansen , Sebastian Junges , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Ufuk Topcu

We consider a control problem for a finite-state Markov system whose performance is evaluated by a coherent Markov risk measure. For each policy, the risk of a state is approximated by a function of its features, thus leading to a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Andrzej Ruszczynski , Shangzhe Yang

The inability of artificial neural networks to assess the uncertainty of their predictions is an impediment to their widespread use. We distinguish two types of learnable uncertainty: model uncertainty due to a lack of training data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Hans Weytjens , Jochen De Weerdt

The Neural Network (NN), as a black-box function approximator, has been considered in many control and robotics applications. However, difficulties in verifying the overall system safety in the presence of uncertainties hinder the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xiao Li , Yutong Li , Anouck Girard , Ilya Kolmanovsky

Learning-based approaches to verifying unknown Markov decision processes (MDPs) often employ uncertain MDPs. These models use, for example, confidence intervals to capture transition uncertainty and allow synthesis of policies that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yannik Schnitzer , Alessandro Abate , David Parker

Estimating and detecting faults is crucial in ensuring safe and efficient automated systems. In the presence of disturbances, noise or varying system dynamics, such estimation is even more challenging. To address this challenge, this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-13 Chris van der Ploeg , Emilia Silvas , Nathan van de Wouw , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani