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Although a substantial amount of studies is dedicated to morph detection, most of them fail to generalize for morph faces outside of their training paradigm. Moreover, recent morph detection methods are highly vulnerable to adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Hossein Kashiani , Shoaib Meraj Sami , Sobhan Soleymani , Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Face anti-spoofing has drawn a lot of attention due to the high security requirements in biometric authentication systems. Bringing face biometric to commercial hardware became mostly dependent on developing reliable methods for detecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Nikolay Sergievskiy , Roman Vlasov , Roman Trusov

Ocular biometrics in the visible spectrum have emerged as a prominent modality due to their high accuracy, resistance to spoofing, and non-invasive nature. However, morphing attacks, synthetic biometric traits created by blending features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Bharath Krishnamurthy , Ajita Rattani

Contactless fingerprint recognition offers a higher level of user comfort and addresses hygiene concerns more effectively. However, it is also more vulnerable to presentation attacks such as photo paper, paper-printout, and various display…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Banafsheh Adami , Nima Karimian

Anomaly detection (AD) plays a crucial role in various domains, including cybersecurity, finance, and healthcare, by identifying patterns or events that deviate from normal behaviour. In recent years, significant progress has been made in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Hadi Hojjati , Thi Kieu Khanh Ho , Narges Armanfard

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a vital role in securing face recognition systems from presentation attacks. Benefitted from the maturing camera sensors, single-modal (RGB) and multi-modal (e.g., RGB+Depth) FAS has been applied in various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Zitong Yu , Ajian Liu , Chenxu Zhao , Kevin H. M. Cheng , Xu Cheng , Guoying Zhao

Adversarial attacks are small, carefully crafted perturbations, imperceptible to the naked eye; that when added to an image cause deep learning models to misclassify the image with potentially detrimental outcomes. With the rise of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Rohan Reddy Mekala , Gudjon Einar Magnusson , Adam Porter , Mikael Lindvall , Madeline Diep

Although face recognition systems have undergone an impressive evolution in the last decade, these technologies are vulnerable to attack presentations (AP). These attacks are mostly easy to create and, by executing them against the system's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lazaro Janier Gonzalez-Sole , Juan E. Tapia , Christoph Busch

Deep learning based person re-identification (re-id) models have been widely employed in surveillance systems. Recent studies have demonstrated that black-box single-modality and cross-modality re-id models are vulnerable to adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yuan Bian , Min Liu , Yunqi Yi , Xueping Wang , Yunfeng Ma , Yaonan Wang

Prior work has shown that multibiometric systems are vulnerable to presentation attacks, assuming that their matching score distribution is identical to that of genuine users, without fabricating any fake trait. We have recently shown that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Battista Biggio , Giorgio Fumera , Gian Luca Marcialis , Fabio Roli

Face morphing attacks have emerged as a potential threat, particularly in automatic border control scenarios. Morphing attacks permit more than one individual to use travel documents that can be used to cross borders using automatic border…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh , Gaurav Jaswal , Guoqiang Li

Foundation models are becoming increasingly popular due to their strong generalization capabilities resulting from being trained on huge datasets. These generalization capabilities are attractive in areas such as NIR Iris Presentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Juan E. Tapia , Lázaro Janier González-Soler , Christoph Busch

Adversarial training (AT) is a prominent technique employed by deep learning models to defend against adversarial attacks, and to some extent, enhance model robustness. However, there are three main drawbacks of the existing AT-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 X. Peng , D. Zhou , G. Sun , J. Shi , L. Wu

Unsupervised multivariate time series anomaly detection (UMTSAD) plays a critical role in various domains, including finance, networks, and sensor systems. In recent years, due to the outstanding performance of deep learning in general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Tiange Huang , Yongjun Li

Face presentation attacks (FPA), also known as face spoofing, have brought increasing concerns to the public through various malicious applications, such as financial fraud and privacy leakage. Therefore, safeguarding face recognition…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Chenqi Kong , Kexin Zheng , Yibing Liu , Shiqi Wang , Anderson Rocha , Haoliang Li

With rapid advancements in generative modeling, deepfake techniques are increasingly narrowing the gap between real and synthetic videos, raising serious privacy and security concerns. Beyond traditional face swapping and reenactment, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Tharun Anand , Siva Sankar Sajeev , Pravin Nair

The creation of altered and manipulated faces has become more common due to the improvement of DeepFake generation methods. Simultaneously, we have seen detection models' development for differentiating between a manipulated and original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Sowmen Das , Selim Seferbekov , Arup Datta , Md. Saiful Islam , Md. Ruhul Amin

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to find anomalous images by optimising a detector using a training set that contains only normal images. UAD approaches can be based on reconstruction methods, self-supervised approaches, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-23 Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Yuyuan Liu , Chong Wang , Yuanhong Chen , Fengbei Liu , Rajvinder Singh , Johan W Verjans , Mengyu Wang , Gustavo Carneiro

As the deep learning revolution marches on, self-supervised learning has garnered increasing attention in recent years thanks to its remarkable representation learning ability and the low dependence on labeled data. Among these varied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Siyuan Li , Luyuan Zhang , Zedong Wang , Di Wu , Lirong Wu , Zicheng Liu , Jun Xia , Cheng Tan , Yang Liu , Baigui Sun , Stan Z. Li

The proliferation of sophisticated AI-generated deepfakes poses critical challenges for digital media authentication and societal security. While existing detection methods perform well within specific generative domains, they exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Naseem Khan , Tuan Nguyen , Amine Bermak , Issa Khalil