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In Ethereum, the practice of verifying the validity of the passed addresses is a common practice, which is a crucial step to ensure the secure execution of smart contracts. Vulnerabilities in the process of address verification can lead to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Tianle Sun , Ningyu He , Jiang Xiao , Yinliang Yue , Xiapu Luo , Haoyu Wang

Smart contracts written in Solidity are programs used in blockchain networks, such as Etherium, for performing transactions. However, as with any piece of software, they are prone to errors and may present vulnerabilities, which malicious…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Kunjian Song , Nedas Matulevicius , Eddie B. de Lima Filho , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Smart contracts are essential to decentralized finance (DeFi) and blockchain ecosystems but are increasingly vulnerable to exploits due to coding errors and complex attack vectors. Traditional static analysis tools and existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jun Kevin , Pujianto Yugopuspito

The Ethereum blockchain platform supports the execution of decentralised applications or smart contracts. These typically hold and transfer digital currency to other parties on the platform; however, they have been subject to numerous…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Franklin Schrans , Daniel Hails , Alexander Harkness , Sophia Drossopoulou , Susan Eisenbach

Smart contracts are self-executing programs that manage financial transactions on blockchain networks. Developers commonly rely on third-party code libraries to improve both efficiency and security. However, improper use of these libraries…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yishun Wang , Wenkai Li , Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li , Lei Xie , Yuqing Zhang

Smart Contracts (SCs) handle transactions in the Ethereum blockchain worth millions of United States dollars, making them a lucrative target for attackers seeking to exploit vulnerabilities and steal funds. The Ethereum community has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Chavhan Sujeet Yashavant , MitrajSinh Chavda , Saurabh Kumar , Amey Karkare , Angshuman Karmakar

As more and more attacks have been detected on Ethereum smart contracts, it has seriously affected finance and credibility. Current anti-fraud detection techniques, including code parsing or manual feature extraction, still have some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yihong Jin , Ze Yang , Xinhe Xu

This paper presents a dynamic, real-time approach to detecting anomalous blockchain transactions. The proposed tool, BlockGPT, generates tracing representations of blockchain activity and trains from scratch a large language model to act as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Yu Gai , Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Dawn Song , Arthur Gervais

Smart Contracts are programs running logic in the Blockchain network by executing operations through immutable transactions. The Blockchain network validates such transactions, storing them into sequential blocks of which integrity is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Francesco Salzano , Simone Scalabrino , Rocco Oliveto , Remo Pareschi

In recent years, we have seen a great deal of both academic and practical interest in the topic of vulnerabilities in smart contracts, particularly those developed for the Ethereum blockchain. While most of the work has focused on detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Daniel Perez , Benjamin Livshits

This paper presents SAILFISH, a scalable system for automatically finding state-inconsistency bugs in smart contracts. To make the analysis tractable, we introduce a hybrid approach that includes (i) a light-weight exploration phase that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Priyanka Bose , Dipanjan Das , Yanju Chen , Yu Feng , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna

The rise of modern blockchains has facilitated the emergence of smart contracts: autonomous programs that live and run on the blockchain. Smart contracts have seen a rapid climb to prominence, with applications predicted in law, business,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Lexi Brent , Anton Jurisevic , Michael Kong , Eric Liu , Francois Gauthier , Vincent Gramoli , Ralph Holz , Bernhard Scholz

The non-fungible tokens (NFTs) market has evolved over the past decade, with NFTs serving as unique digital identifiers on a blockchain that certify ownership and authenticity. However, their high value also attracts attackers who exploit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Lei Xiao , Shuo Yang , Wen Chen , Zibin Zheng

Smart contracts are programs running on top of blockchain platforms. They interact with each other through well-defined interfaces to perform financial transactions in a distributed system with no trusted third parties. But these interfaces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yu Feng , Emina Torlak , Rastislav Bodik

This paper provides a systematic analysis of the opportunities, challenges, and potential solutions of harnessing Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 to dig out vulnerabilities within smart contracts based on our ongoing research.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Sihao Hu , Tiansheng Huang , Fatih İlhan , Selim Furkan Tekin , Ling Liu

Smart contracts are immutable, verifiable, and autonomous pieces of code that can be deployed and ran on blockchain networks like Ethereum. Due to the immutability nature of blockchain, no change is possible on a deployed smart contract or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Erfan Andesta , Fathiyeh Faghih , Mahdi Fooladgar

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is a decentralized computing engine. It enables the Ethereum blockchain to execute smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). The increasing adoption of Ethereum sparked the rise of phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Pasquale De Rosa , Simon Queyrut , Yérom-David Bromberg , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Identifying reputable Ethereum projects remains a critical challenge within the expanding blockchain ecosystem. The ability to distinguish between legitimate initiatives and potentially fraudulent schemes is non-trivial. This work presents…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Cyrus Malik , Josef Bajada , Joshua Ellul

Smart contracts are prone to various vulnerabilities, leading to substantial financial losses over time. Current analysis tools mainly target vulnerabilities with fixed control or data-flow patterns, such as re-entrancy and integer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuqiang Sun , Daoyuan Wu , Yue Xue , Han Liu , Haijun Wang , Zhengzi Xu , Xiaofei Xie , Yang Liu

Fuzzing is a widely used technique for detecting vulnerabilities in smart contracts, which generates transaction sequences to explore the execution paths of smart contracts. However, existing fuzzers are falling short in detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jie Chen , Liangmin Wang