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Related papers: On Scenario Formalisms for Automated Driving

200 papers

Simulation-based testing of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has become an essential complement to road testing to ensure safety. Consequently, substantial research has focused on searching for failure scenarios in simulation. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Edward Kim , Jay Shenoy , Sebastian Junges , Daniel Fremont , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit Seshia

Scenario-based testing is a promising method to develop, verify and validate automated driving systems (ADS) since pure on-road testing seems inefficient for complex traffic environments. A major challenge for this approach is the provision…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Michael Schuldes , Christoph Glasmacher , Lutz Eckstein

The development of automated vehicles and automated driving functions is an exceptionally complex task that requires the integration of numerous, sometimes conflicting interests and various constraints already in the early stages of system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Robert Graubohm , Markus Maurer

Driven by vast and diverse textual data, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across numerous natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Yet, a critical question persists: does their generalization arise from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Boxiang Ma , Ru Li , Yuanlong Wang , Hongye Tan , Xiaoli Li

The development of assessment methods for the performance of Automated Vehicles (AVs) is essential to enable the deployment of automated driving technologies, due to the complex operational domain of AVs. One candidate is scenario-based…

The scenario approach is an established data-driven design framework that comes equipped with a powerful theory linking design complexity to generalization properties. In this approach, data are simultaneously used both for design and for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-18 Algo Carè , Marco C. Campi , Simone Garatti

The ability for computational agents to reason about the high-level content of real world scene images is important for many applications. Existing attempts at addressing the problem of complex scene understanding lack representational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Zachary A. Daniels , Dimitris N. Metaxas

This paper summarizes our formal approach to testing autonomous vehicles (AVs) in simulation for the IEEE AV Test Challenge. We demonstrate a systematic testing framework leveraging our previous work on formally-driven simulation for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Kesav Viswanadha , Francis Indaheng , Justin Wong , Edward Kim , Ellen Kalvan , Yash Pant , Daniel J. Fremont , Sanjit A. Seshia

Scenario-based testing has emerged as a common method for autonomous vehicles (AVs) safety assessment, offering a more efficient alternative to mile-based testing by focusing on high-risk scenarios. However, fundamental questions persist…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Xingyu Zhao , Robab Aghazadeh-Chakherlou , Chih-Hong Cheng , Peter Popov , Lorenzo Strigini

Despite the presence of the classification task in many different benchmark datasets for perception in the automotive domain, few efforts have been undertaken to define consistent classification requirements. This work addresses the topic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Ken T. Mori , Trent Brown , Steven Peters

Automated decision making is often complicated by the complexity of the knowledge involved. Much of this complexity arises from the context sensitive variations of the underlying phenomena. We propose a framework for representing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Tze-Yun Leong

A major challenge in the safety assessment of automated vehicles is to ensure that risk for all traffic participants is as low as possible. A concept that is becoming increasingly popular for testing in automated driving is scenario-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Maximilian Zipfl , Barbara Schütt , J. Marius Zöllner , Eric Sax

Game-based interactive driving simulations have emerged as versatile platforms for advancing decision-making algorithms in road transport mobility. While these environments offer safe, scalable, and engaging settings for testing driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zhihao Lin , Zhen Tian

The verification and validation of automated driving systems at SAE levels 4 and 5 is a multi-faceted challenge for which classical statistical considerations become infeasible. For this, contemporary approaches suggest a decomposition into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Tjark Koopmann , Christian Neurohr , Lina Putze , Lukas Westhofen , Roman Gansch , Ahmad Adee

Scenario-Based Programming is a methodology for modeling and constructing complex reactive systems from simple, stand-alone building blocks, called scenarios. These scenarios are designed to model different traits of the system, and can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Guy Katz , Assaf Marron , Aviran Sadon , Gera Weiss

While automated driving technology has achieved a tremendous progress, the scalable and rigorous testing and verification of safe automated and autonomous driving vehicles remain challenging. This paper proposes a learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Andrea Favrin , Vladislav Nenchev , Angelo Cenedese

Automated vehicles (AVs) are tested in diverse scenarios, typically specified by parameters such as velocities, distances, or curve radii. To describe scenarios uniformly independent of such parameters, this paper proposes a vectorized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Max Winkelmann , Constantin Vasconi , Steffen Müller

The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) provides new insights to validate Automated Driving Systems (ADS). In the herein-introduced work, a novel approach to extracting scenarios from naturalistic driving datasets is presented. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yongqi Zhao , Wenbo Xiao , Tomislav Mihalj , Jia Hu , Arno Eichberger

Accurately predicting the possible behaviors of traffic participants is an essential capability for autonomous vehicles. Since autonomous vehicles need to navigate in dynamically changing environments, they are expected to make accurate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yeping Hu , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Simulation is essential to validate autonomous driving systems. However, a simple simulation, even for an extremely high number of simulated miles or hours, is not sufficient. We need well-founded criteria showing that simulation does…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Changwen Li , Joseph Sifakis , Qiang Wang , Rongjie Yan , Jian Zhang