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Recent advances in tabular data generation have greatly enhanced synthetic data quality. However, extending diffusion models to tabular data is challenging due to the intricately varied distributions and a blend of data types of tabular…

Diffusion-based generative methods have proven effective in modeling trajectories with offline datasets. However, they often face computational challenges and can falter in generalization, especially in capturing temporal abstractions for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Chang Chen , Fei Deng , Kenji Kawaguchi , Caglar Gulcehre , Sungjin Ahn

Diffusion models, though originally designed for generative tasks, have demonstrated impressive self-supervised representation learning capabilities. A particularly intriguing phenomenon in these models is the emergence of unimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xiao Li , Zekai Zhang , Xiang Li , Siyi Chen , Zhihui Zhu , Peng Wang , Qing Qu

Generative models for tabular data have evolved rapidly beyond Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). While GANs pioneered synthetic tabular data generation, recent advances in diffusion models and large language models (LLMs) have opened…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Insaf Ashrapov

Diffusion models have attained prominence for their ability to synthesize a probability distribution for a given dataset via a diffusion process, enabling the generation of new data points with high fidelity. However, diffusion processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Shervin Khalafi , Dongsheng Ding , Alejandro Ribeiro

Diffusion models achieve strong generative performance but remain slow at inference due to the need for repeated full-model denoising passes. We present Token-Adaptive Predictor (TAP), a training-free, probe-driven framework that adaptively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Haowei Zhu , Tingxuan Huang , Xing Wang , Tianyu Zhao , Jiexi Wang , Weifeng Chen , Xurui Peng , Fangmin Chen , Junhai Yong , Bin Wang

Structured (dictionary-like) data presents challenges for left-to-right language models, as they can struggle with structured entities for a wide variety of reasons such as formatting and sensitivity to the order in which attributes are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ouail Kitouni , Niklas Nolte , James Hensman , Bhaskar Mitra

This study investigates human-computer interface generation based on diffusion models to overcome the limitations of traditional template-based design and fixed rule-driven methods. It first analyzes the key challenges of interface…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Rui Liu , Liuqingqing Yang , Runsheng Zhang , Shixiao Wang

We introduce a novel, training-free method for sampling differentiable representations (diffreps) using pretrained diffusion models. Rather than merely mode-seeking, our method achieves sampling by "pulling back" the dynamics of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yash Savani , Marc Finzi , J. Zico Kolter

The predominant success of diffusion models in generative modeling has spurred significant interest in understanding their theoretical foundations. In this work, we propose a feature learning framework aimed at analyzing and comparing the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-04 Andi Han , Wei Huang , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

Heterogeneous tabular data are the most commonly used form of data and are essential for numerous critical and computationally demanding applications. On homogeneous data sets, deep neural networks have repeatedly shown excellent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Vadim Borisov , Tobias Leemann , Kathrin Seßler , Johannes Haug , Martin Pawelczyk , Gjergji Kasneci

Tabular data is one of the most prevalent and important data formats in real-world applications such as healthcare, finance, and education. However, its effective use in machine learning is often constrained by data scarcity, privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Ruxue Shi , Yili Wang , Mengnan Du , Xu Shen , Yi Chang , Xin Wang

Deep learning architectures for supervised learning on tabular data range from simple multilayer perceptrons (MLP) to sophisticated Transformers and retrieval-augmented methods. This study highlights a major, yet so far overlooked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yury Gorishniy , Akim Kotelnikov , Artem Babenko

Language models pretrained on large collections of tabular data have demonstrated their effectiveness in several downstream tasks. However, many of these models do not take into account the row/column permutation invariances, hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Pei Chen , Soumajyoti Sarkar , Leonard Lausen , Balasubramaniam Srinivasan , Sheng Zha , Ruihong Huang , George Karypis

While diffusion models excel at generating high-quality samples, their latent variables typically lack semantic meaning and are not suitable for representation learning. Here, we propose InfoDiffusion, an algorithm that augments diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Yingheng Wang , Yair Schiff , Aaron Gokaslan , Weishen Pan , Fei Wang , Christopher De Sa , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have recently demonstrated impressive results on various generative tasks.Despite its promises, the learned representations of pre-trained DPMs, however, have not been fully understood. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xingyi Yang , Xinchao Wang

Diffusion models have emerged as dominant performers for image generation. To support training large diffusion models, this paper studies pipeline parallel training of diffusion models and proposes DiffusionPipe, a synchronous pipeline…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Ye Tian , Zhen Jia , Ziyue Luo , Yida Wang , Chuan Wu

Autoregressive (AR) models have long dominated the landscape of large language models, driving progress across a wide range of tasks. Recently, diffusion-based language models have emerged as a promising alternative, though their advantages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mihir Prabhudesai , Mengning Wu , Amir Zadeh , Katerina Fragkiadaki , Deepak Pathak

The development of diffusion-based generative models over the past decade has largely proceeded independently of progress in representation learning. These diffusion models typically rely on regression-based objectives and generally lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Runqian Wang , Kaiming He

Diffusion models have become a leading framework in generative modeling, yet their theoretical understanding -- especially for high-dimensional data concentrated on low-dimensional structures -- remains incomplete. This paper investigates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Zixuan Zhang , Kaixuan Huang , Tuo Zhao , Mengdi Wang , Minshuo Chen