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A well-executed graphic design typically achieves harmony in two levels, from the fine-grained design elements (color, font and layout) to the overall design. This complexity makes the comprehension of graphic design challenging, for it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Jieru Lin , Danqing Huang , Tiejun Zhao , Dechen Zhan , Chin-Yew Lin

LLMs approach logical and mathematical reasoning through natural or symbolic languages. While natural language offers human-accessible flexibility but suffers from ambiguity, symbolic reasoning provides precise, machine-executable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Simeng Han , Tianyu Liu , Chuhan Li , Xuyuan Xiong , Arman Cohan

The ability of generative large language models (LLMs) to perform in-context learning has given rise to a large body of research into how best to prompt models for various natural language processing tasks. Machine Translation (MT) has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Armel Zebaze , Benoît Sagot , Rachel Bawden

Charts are high-density visual carriers of complex data and medium for information extraction and analysis. Due to the need for precise and complex visual reasoning, automated chart understanding poses a significant challenge to existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Muye Huang , Lingling Zhang , Yifei Li , Yaqiang Wu , Jun Liu

As large language models (LLMs) advance, it becomes more challenging to reliably evaluate their output due to the high costs of human evaluation. To make progress towards better LLM autoraters, we introduce FLAMe, a family of Foundational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Tu Vu , Kalpesh Krishna , Salaheddin Alzubi , Chris Tar , Manaal Faruqui , Yun-Hsuan Sung

Legal reasoning tasks present unique challenges for large language models (LLMs) due to the complexity of domain-specific knowledge and reasoning processes. This paper investigates how effectively smaller language models (Llama 2 7B and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rean Fernandes , André Biedenkapp , Frank Hutter , Noor Awad

Recent progress in generative models has significantly advanced image editing capabilities, yet precise and intuitive user control remains difficult. Specifically, users often struggle to communicate both exact spatial layouts and specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Anya Ji , George Ma , Téa Wright , Yiming Zhang , David M. Chan , Alane Suhr , Somayeh Sojoudi

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) are expected to support multi-turn queries of interchanging image and text modalities in production. However, the current MLLMs trained with visual-question-answering (VQA) datasets could suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Shengzhi Li , Rongyu Lin , Shichao Pei

With enhanced capabilities and widespread applications, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly required to process and reason over multiple images simultaneously. However, existing MLLM benchmarks focus either on…

Instruction tuning improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), with data quality and scalability being the crucial factors. Most instruction tuning data come from human crowd-sourcing or GPT-4 distillation. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xiang Yue , Tuney Zheng , Ge Zhang , Wenhu Chen

This paper introduces Hierarchical Self-Supervised LVLM (Hi-SSLVLM), a novel generative model designed to significantly advance text-to-image synthesis, particularly for complex and compositionally challenging prompts. Traditional methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Fernando Gabriela Garcia , Spencer Burns , Ryan Shaw , Hunter Young

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant strides by training on vast high-quality image-text datasets, enabling them to generally understand images well. However, the inherent difficulty in explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuanze Lin , Yunsheng Li , Dongdong Chen , Weijian Xu , Ronald Clark , Philip Torr , Lu Yuan

Current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often underperform on mathematical problem-solving tasks that require fine-grained visual understanding. The limitation is largely attributable to inadequate perception of geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Shan Zhang , Aotian Chen , Yanpeng Sun , Jindong Gu , Yi-Yu Zheng , Piotr Koniusz , Kai Zou , Anton van den Hengel , Yuan Xue

Vision-language models (VLMs) work well in tasks ranging from image captioning to visual question answering (VQA), yet they struggle with spatial reasoning, a key skill for understanding our physical world that humans excel at. We find that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Michael Ogezi , Freda Shi

The large language models have achieved superior performance on various natural language tasks. One major drawback of such approaches is they are resource-intensive in fine-tuning new datasets. Soft-prompt tuning presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Guoxin Chen , Yiming Qian , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in recent natural language processing (NLP) tasks, their deployment poses substantial challenges due to high computational and memory demands in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chenglin Li , Qianglong Chen , Liangyue Li , Caiyu Wang , Yicheng Li , Zulong Chen , Yin Zhang

Going beyond mere fine-tuning of vision-language models (VLMs), learnable prompt tuning has emerged as a promising, resource-efficient alternative. Despite their potential, effectively learning prompts faces the following challenges: (i)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Hari Chandana Kuchibhotla , Sai Srinivas Kancheti , Abbavaram Gowtham Reddy , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

The task adaptation and alignment of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have been significantly advanced by instruction tuning and further strengthened by recent preference optimization. Yet, most LMMs still suffer from severe modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Chenxi Liu , Tianyi Xiong , Yanshuo Chen , Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Junfeng Guo , Tianyi Zhou , Heng Huang

The ability to compare objects, scenes, or situations is crucial for effective decision-making and problem-solving in everyday life. For instance, comparing the freshness of apples enables better choices during grocery shopping while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jihyung Kil , Zheda Mai , Justin Lee , Zihe Wang , Kerrie Cheng , Lemeng Wang , Ye Liu , Arpita Chowdhury , Wei-Lun Chao

Training models on synthetic data has emerged as an increasingly important strategy for improving the performance of generative AI. This approach is particularly helpful for large multimodal models (LMMs) due to the relative scarcity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Gabriela Ben Melech Stan , Estelle Aflalo , Avinash Madasu , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard
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