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Over the next decade, increases in instantaneous luminosity and detector granularity will amplify the amount of data that has to be analysed by high-energy physics experiments, whether in real time or offline, by an order of magnitude. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-26 Anthony Correia , Fotis I. Giasemis , Nabil Garroum , Vladimir Vava Gligorov , Bertrand Granado

The growing luminosity frontier at the Large Hadron Collider is challenging the reconstruction and analysis of particle collision events. Increased particle multiplicities are straining latency and storage requirements at the data…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2026-03-09 William Sutcliffe , Marta Calvi , Simone Capelli , Jonas Eschle , Julián García Pardiñas , Abhijit Mathad , Azusa Uzuki , Nicola Serra

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are emerging for machine learning research on graph-structured data. GNNs achieve state-of-the-art performance on many tasks, but they face scalability challenges when it comes to real-world applications that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Shichang Zhang , Atefeh Sohrabizadeh , Cheng Wan , Zijie Huang , Ziniu Hu , Yewen Wang , Yingyan , Lin , Jason Cong , Yizhou Sun

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely applied to graph learning problems such as node classification. When scaling up the underlying graphs of GNNs to a larger size, we are forced to either train on the complete graph and keep the full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Mucong Ding , Tahseen Rabbani , Bang An , Evan Z Wang , Furong Huang

Graph Neural Network (GNN) is a variant of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) operating on graphs. However, GNNs are more complex compared to traditional DNNs as they simultaneously exhibit features of both DNN and graph applications. As a result,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Aqeeb Iqbal Arka , Biresh Kumar Joardar , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Partha Pratim Pande , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

Particle identification (PID) is essential for future particle physics experiments such as the Circular Electron-Positron Collider and the Future Circular Collider. A high-granularity Time Projection Chamber (TPC) not only provides precise…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-04-07 Guang Zhao , Yue Chang , Jinxian Zhang , Linghui Wu , Huirong Qi , Xin She , Mingyi Dong , Shengsen Sun , Jianchun Wang , Yifang Wang , Chunxu Yu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have limited expressive power, failing to represent many graph classes correctly. While more expressive graph representation learning (GRL) alternatives can distinguish some of these classes, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Leonardo Cotta , Christopher Morris , Bruno Ribeiro

We present a new approach, the Topograph, which reconstructs underlying physics processes, including the intermediary particles, by leveraging underlying priors from the nature of particle physics decays and the flexibility of message…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-16 Lukas Ehrke , John Andrew Raine , Knut Zoch , Manuel Guth , Tobias Golling

The determination of charged particle trajectories in collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is an important but challenging problem, especially in the high interaction density conditions expected during the future…

One of the most important problems of data processing in high energy and nuclear physics is the event reconstruction. Its main part is the track reconstruction procedure which consists in looking for all tracks that elementary particles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Dmitriy Baranov , Sergey Mitsyn , Pavel Goncharov , Gennady Ososkov

Molecular dynamics simulations can generate atomically detailed trajectories of complex systems, but analyzing these dynamics can be challenging when systems lack well-established quantitative descriptors (features). Graph neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zihan Pengmei , Spencer C. Guo , Chatipat Lorpaiboon , Aaron R. Dinner

Graph neural networks have been shown to achieve excellent performance for several crucial tasks in particle physics, such as charged particle tracking, jet tagging, and clustering. An important domain for the application of these networks…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become powerful tools for learning from graph-structured data, finding applications across diverse domains. However, as graph sizes and connectivity increase, standard GNN training methods face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ivan I. Kyrchei , Eldad Haber , Eran Treister

In this work, we seek to improve the velocity reconstruction of clusters by using Graph Neural Networks -- a type of deep neural network designed to analyze sparse, unstructured data. In comparison to the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-23 Hideki Tanimura , Albert Bonnefous , Jia Liu , Sanmay Ganguly

The advent of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has revolutionized the field of machine learning, offering a novel paradigm for learning on graph-structured data. Unlike traditional neural networks, GNNs are capable of capturing complex…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Kaustubh Shivdikar

Recent advances in applying Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to molecular science have showcased the power of learning three-dimensional (3D) structure representations with GNNs. However, most existing GNNs suffer from the limitations of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-21 Shuo Zhang , Yang Liu , Lei Xie

Graph neural networks (GNNs) fuel diverse machine learning tasks involving graph-structured data, ranging from predicting protein structures to serving personalized recommendations. Real-world graph data must often be stored distributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Aashish Kolluri , Sarthak Choudhary , Bryan Hooi , Prateek Saxena

Developing scalable solutions for training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for link prediction tasks is challenging due to the high data dependencies which entail high computational cost and huge memory footprint. We propose a new method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Nasrullah Sheikh , Xiao Qin , Berthold Reinwald , Chuan Lei

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful deep learning models to generate node embeddings on graphs. When applying deep GNNs on large graphs, it is still challenging to perform training in an efficient and scalable way. We propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Hanqing Zeng , Hongkuan Zhou , Ajitesh Srivastava , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

This paper presents a graph neural network (GNN) technique for low-level reconstruction of neutrino interactions in a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC). GNNs are still a relatively novel technique, and have shown great promise…