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There is an inescapable long-tailed class-imbalance issue in many real-world classification problems. Current methods for addressing this problem only consider scenarios where all examples come from the same distribution. However, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Xinyu Yang , Huaxiu Yao , Allan Zhou , Chelsea Finn

This work addresses the task of self-supervised learning (SSL) on a long-tailed dataset that aims to learn balanced and well-separated representations for downstream tasks such as image classification. This task is crucial because the real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Cuong Manh Hoang , Yeejin Lee , Byeongkeun Kang

Existing out-of-distribution (OOD) methods have shown great success on balanced datasets but become ineffective in long-tailed recognition (LTR) scenarios where 1) OOD samples are often wrongly classified into head classes and/or 2)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Wenjun Miao , Guansong Pang , Tianqi Li , Xiao Bai , Jin Zheng

Object detection has been widely explored for class-balanced datasets such as COCO. However, real-world scenarios introduce the challenge of long-tailed distributions, where numerous categories contain only a few instances. This inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Satyam Gaba

Label noise is one of the key factors that lead to the poor generalization of deep learning models. Existing label-noise learning methods usually assume that the ground-truth classes of the training data are balanced. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Yang Lu , Yiliang Zhang , Bo Han , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hanzi Wang

Multi-label classification has received considerable interest in recent years. Multi-label classifiers have to address many problems including: handling large-scale datasets with many instances and a large set of labels, compensating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-21 Amirhossein Akbarnejad , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Instance segmentation has witnessed a remarkable progress on class-balanced benchmarks. However, they fail to perform as accurately in real-world scenarios, where the category distribution of objects naturally comes with a long tail.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Jiaqi Wang , Wenwei Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Jiangmiao Pang , Tao Gong , Kai Chen , Ziwei Liu , Chen Change Loy , Dahua Lin

For semi-supervised learning with imbalance classes, the long-tailed distribution of data will increase the model prediction bias toward dominant classes, undermining performance on less frequent classes. Existing methods also face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Kuo Yang , Duo Li , Menghan Hu , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaokang Yang , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Dataset distillation creates a small distilled set that enables efficient training by capturing key information from the full dataset. While existing dataset distillation methods perform well on balanced datasets, they struggle under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xiao Cui , Yulei Qin , Xinyue Li , Wengang Zhou , Hongsheng Li , Houqiang Li

Long-tailed instance segmentation is a challenging task due to the extreme imbalance of training samples among classes. It causes severe biases of the head classes (with majority samples) against the tailed ones. This renders "how to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Yin-Yin He , Peizhen Zhang , Xiu-Shen Wei , Xiangyu Zhang , Jian Sun

Recognizing images with long-tailed distributions remains a challenging problem while there lacks an interpretable mechanism to solve this problem. In this study, we formulate Long-tailed recognition as Domain Adaption (LDA), by modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Zhiliang Peng , Wei Huang , Zonghao Guo , Xiaosong Zhang , Jianbin Jiao , Qixiang Ye

Deep models trained on long-tailed datasets exhibit unsatisfactory performance on tail classes. Existing methods usually modify the classification loss to increase the learning focus on tail classes, which unexpectedly sacrifice the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Shaoyu Zhang , Chen Chen , Xiyuan Hu , Silong Peng

Anomaly detection (AD) aims to identify defective images and localize their defects (if any). Ideally, AD models should be able to detect defects over many image classes; without relying on hard-coded class names that can be uninformative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Chih-Hui Ho , Kuan-Chuan Peng , Nuno Vasconcelos

Real-world datasets often exhibit long-tailed distributions, where a few dominant "Head" classes have abundant samples while most "Tail" classes are severely underrepresented, leading to biased learning and poor generalization for the Tail.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Mahdiyar Molahasani , Michael Greenspan , Ali Etemad

Long-tailed data is prevalent in real-world classification tasks and heavily relies on supervised information, which makes the annotation process exceptionally labor-intensive and time-consuming. Unfortunately, despite being a common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Meng Wei , Zhongnian Li , Yong Zhou , Xinzheng Xu

Although deep neural networks achieve tremendous success on various classification tasks, the generalization ability drops sheer when training datasets exhibit long-tailed distributions. One of the reasons is that the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Xuantong Liu , Jianfeng Zhang , Tianyang Hu , He Cao , Lujia Pan , Yuan Yao

The visual world naturally exhibits a long-tailed distribution of open classes, which poses great challenges to modern visual systems. Existing approaches either perform class re-balancing strategies or directly improve network modules to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Teli Ma , Shijie Geng , Mengmeng Wang , Jing Shao , Jiasen Lu , Hongsheng Li , Peng Gao , Yu Qiao

Deep neural networks perform poorly on heavily class-imbalanced datasets. Given the promising performance of contrastive learning, we propose Rebalanced Siamese Contrastive Mining (ResCom) to tackle imbalanced recognition. Based on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Zhisheng Zhong , Jiequan Cui , Zeming Li , Eric Lo , Jian Sun , Jiaya Jia

Real-world data often exhibits long-tailed distributions with heavy class imbalance, posing great challenges for deep recognition models. We identify a persisting dilemma on the value of labels in the context of imbalanced learning: on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Yuzhe Yang , Zhi Xu

The conventional detectors tend to make imbalanced classification and suffer performance drop, when the distribution of the training data is severely skewed. In this paper, we propose to use the mean classification score to indicate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Chengjian Feng , Yujie Zhong , Weilin Huang