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While many text-to-audio systems produce monophonic or fixed-stereo outputs, generating audio with user-defined spatial properties remains a challenge. Existing deep learning-based spatialization methods often rely on latent-space…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tutti Chi , Letian Gao , Yixiao Zhang

Recent work has shown that LLMs can sometimes detect when steering vectors are injected into their residual stream and identify the injected concept -- a phenomenon termed "introspective awareness." We investigate the mechanisms underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Uzay Macar , Li Yang , Atticus Wang , Peter Wallich , Emmanuel Ameisen , Jack Lindsey

Music generated by deep learning methods often suffers from a lack of coherence and long-term organization. Yet, multi-scale hierarchical structure is a distinctive feature of music signals. To leverage this information, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Manvi Agarwal , Changhong Wang , Gaël Richard

Large language models perform text generation through high-dimensional internal dynamics, yet the temporal organisation of these dynamics remains poorly understood. Most interpretability approaches emphasise static representations or causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hassan Ugail , Newton Howard

Timbre is a set of perceptual attributes that identifies different types of sound sources. Although its definition is usually elusive, it can be seen from a signal processing viewpoint as all the spectral features that are perceived…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-14 Adrien Bitton , Philippe Esling , Tatsuya Harada

While large language models (LLMs) have seen unprecedented advancements in capabilities and applications across a variety of use-cases, safety alignment of these models is still an area of active research. The fragile nature of LLMs, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Amrita Bhattacharjee , Shaona Ghosh , Traian Rebedea , Christopher Parisien

It is a critical challenge to efficiently unlock the powerful reasoning potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) for specific tasks or new distributions. Existing test-time adaptation methods often require tuning model parameters, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Xinyue Kang , Diwei Shi , Li Chen

Representations in the auditory cortex might be based on mechanisms similar to the visual ventral stream; modules for building invariance to transformations and multiple layers for compositionality and selectivity. In this paper we propose…

Code LLMs often default to particular programming languages and libraries under neutral prompts. We investigate whether these preferences are encoded as approximately linear directions in activation space that can be manipulated at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Md Mahbubur Rahman , Arjun Guha , Harshitha Menon

Controllable generation using StyleGANs is usually achieved by training the model using labeled data. For audio textures, however, there is currently a lack of large semantically labeled datasets. Therefore, to control generation, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Purnima Kamath , Chitralekha Gupta , Lonce Wyse , Suranga Nanayakkara

Musical expressivity and coherence are indispensable in music composition and performance, while often neglected in modern AI generative models. In this work, we introduce a listening-based data-processing technique that captures the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jingwei Liu

Discovering and exploring the underlying structure of multi-instrumental music using learning-based approaches remains an open problem. We extend the recent MusicVAE model to represent multitrack polyphonic measures as vectors in a latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-04 Ian Simon , Adam Roberts , Colin Raffel , Jesse Engel , Curtis Hawthorne , Douglas Eck

Activation-based steering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to exhibit targeted behaviors by intervening on intermediate activations without retraining. Despite its widespread use, the mechanistic factors that govern when steering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Mehdi Jafari , Hao Xue , Flora Salim

Creating a complex work of art like music necessitates profound creativity. With recent advancements in deep learning and powerful models such as transformers, there has been huge progress in automatic music generation. In an accompaniment…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Rishabh Dahale , Vaibhav Talwadker , Preeti Rao , Prateek Verma

As recent generative models can generate photo-realistic images, people seek to understand the mechanism behind the generation process. Interpretable generation process is beneficial to various image editing applications. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Yu-Ding Lu , Hsin-Ying Lee , Hung-Yu Tseng , Ming-Hsuan Yang

We present a training-free framework for continuous and controllable image editing at test time for text-conditioned generative models. In contrast to prior approaches that rely on additional training or manual user intervention, we find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yigit Ekin , Yossi Gandelsman

Audio editing plays a central role in VR/AR immersion, virtual conferencing, sound design, and other interactive media. However, recent generative audio editing models depend on template-like instruction formats and are restricted to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zitong Lan , Yiduo Hao , Mingmin Zhao

Large Audio-Language Models and Multi-Modal Large Language Models have demonstrated strong capabilities in tasks such as Audio Question Answering (AQA), Audio Captioning, and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). However, there is growing…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tsung-En Lin , Kuan-Yi Lee , Hung-Yi Lee

Diffusion-based models have gained significant popularity for text-to-image generation due to their exceptional image-generation capabilities. A risk with these models is the potential generation of inappropriate content, such as biased or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hang Li , Chengzhi Shen , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

While recent generative models can produce engaging music, their utility is limited. The variation in the music is often left to chance, resulting in compositions that lack structure. Pieces extending beyond a minute can become incoherent…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Lilac Atassi
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