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Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without exposing local data, balancing performance and privacy. However, domain shift and label heterogeneity across clients often hinder the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yubin Zheng , Pak-Hei Yeung , Jing Xia , Tianjie Ju , Peng Tang , Weidong Qiu , Jagath C. Rajapakse

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) seeks to discriminate genuine faces from fake ones arising from any type of spoofing attack. Due to the wide varieties of attacks, it is implausible to obtain training data that spans all attack types. We propose to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Junru Wu , Xiang Yu , Buyu Liu , Zhangyang Wang , Manmohan Chandraker

The advancement of vision-language models, particularly the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, has revolutionized the field of machine learning by enabling robust zero-shot learning capabilities. These capabilities allow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Donggeun Kim , Yujin Jo , Myungjoo Lee , Taesup Kim

Heterogeneous face recognition is a challenging task due to the large modality discrepancy and insufficient cross-modal samples. Most existing works focus on discriminative feature transformation, metric learning and cross-modal face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Yingguo Xu , Lei Zhang , Qingyan Duan

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a vital role in preventing face recognition systems from presentation attacks. Existing face anti-spoofing datasets lack diversity due to the insufficient identity and insignificant variance, which limits the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Hangtong Wu , Dan Zen , Yibo Hu , Hailin Shi , Tao Mei

Although face anti-spoofing (FAS) methods have achieved remarkable performance on specific domains or attack types, few studies have focused on the simultaneous presence of domain changes and unknown attacks, which is closer to real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Zong-Wei Hong , Yu-Chen Lin , Hsuan-Tung Liu , Yi-Ren Yeh , Chu-Song Chen

Recently the emergence of novel presentation attacks has drawn increasing attention to face anti-spoofing. However, existing methods tend to memorize data patterns from the training set, resulting in poor generalization to unknown attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Fangling Jiang , Qi Li , Weining Wang , Gang Wang , Bing Liu , Zhenan Sun

Prompt learning is one of the most effective and trending ways to adapt powerful vision-language foundation models like CLIP to downstream datasets by tuning learnable prompt vectors with very few samples. However, although prompt learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Cairong Zhao , Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , Yifei Shen , Kaitao Song , Dongsheng Li , Duoqian Miao

Domain generalization (DG) aims to learn a model from source domains and apply it to unseen target domains with out-of-distribution data. Owing to CLIP's strong ability to encode semantic concepts, it has attracted increasing interest in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Ziyi Wang , Zhi Gao , Jin Chen , Qingjie Zhao , Xinxiao Wu , Jiebo Luo

Generative models have enabled the creation of highly realistic facial-synthetic images, raising significant concerns due to their potential for misuse. Despite rapid advancements in the field of deepfake detection, developing efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yue-Hua Han , Tai-Ming Huang , Kai-Lung Hua , Jun-Cheng Chen

Face recognition systems have raised concerns due to their vulnerability to different presentation attacks, and system security has become an increasingly critical concern. Although many face anti-spoofing (FAS) methods perform well in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Zhe Kong , Wentian Zhang , Tao Wang , Kaihao Zhang , Yuexiang Li , Xiaoying Tang , Wenhan Luo

Although current face anti-spoofing methods achieve promising results under intra-dataset testing, they suffer from poor generalization to unseen attacks. Most existing works adopt domain adaptation (DA) or domain generalization (DG)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Jingjing Wang , Jingyi Zhang , Ying Bian , Youyi Cai , Chunmao Wang , Shiliang Pu

Face Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) has drawn increasing attentions to secure the face recognition systems that are widely used in many applications. Conventional face anti-spoofing methods have been proposed, assuming that testing is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Yomna Safaa El-Din , Mohamed N. Moustafa , Hani Mahdi

Previous Face Anti-spoofing (FAS) methods face the challenge of generalizing to unseen domains, mainly because most existing FAS datasets are relatively small and lack data diversity. Thanks to the development of face recognition in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xingming Long , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a pivotal role in ensuring the security and reliability of face recognition systems. With advancements in vision-language pretrained (VLP) models, recent two-class FAS techniques have leveraged the advantages…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Pei-Kai Huang , Jun-Xiong Chong , Cheng-Hsuan Chiang , Tzu-Hsien Chen , Tyng-Luh Liu , Chiou-Ting Hsu

Detecting face forgeries using CLIP has recently emerged as a promising and increasingly popular research direction. Owing to its rich visual knowledge acquired through large-scale pretraining, most existing methods typically rely on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Enrui Yang , Yuezun Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods based on the instance discrimination tasks with InfoNCE have achieved remarkable success. Despite their success, SSL models often struggle to generate effective representations for unseen-domain data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Jin-Seop Lee , Noo-ri Kim , Jee-Hyong Lee

Prompt learning has propelled vision-language models like CLIP to excel in diverse tasks, making them ideal for federated learning due to computational efficiency. However, conventional approaches that rely solely on final-layer features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Suraj Prasad , Navyansh Mahla , Sunny Gupta , Amit Sethi

Facial recognition systems are vulnerable to physical (e.g., printed photos) and digital (e.g., DeepFake) face attacks. Existing methods struggle to simultaneously detect physical and digital attacks due to: 1) significant intra-class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yongze Li , Ning Li , Ajian Liu , Hui Ma , Liying Yang , Xihong Chen , Zhiyao Liang , Yanyan Liang , Jun Wan , Zhen Lei

Face Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) plays a pivotal role in securing face recognition systems against spoofing attacks. Although great progress has been made in designing face PAD methods, developing a model that can generalize well to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Usman Muhammad , Jorma Laaksonen , Djamila Romaissa Beddiar , Mourad Oussalah