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In this paper, a statistically optimal solution to the Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem is presented. Many solutions to the PnP problem are geometrically optimal, but do not consider the uncertainties of the observations. In addition, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-28 Steffen Urban , Jens Leitloff , Stefan Hinz

Blind Perspective-n-Point (PnP) is the problem of estimating the position and orientation of a camera relative to a scene, given 2D image points and 3D scene points, without prior knowledge of the 2D-3D correspondences. Solving for pose and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Dylan Campbell , Liu Liu , Stephen Gould

We present a new convex method to estimate 3D pose from mixed combinations of 2D-3D point and line correspondences, the Perspective-n-Points-and-Lines problem (PnPL). We merge the contributions of each point and line into a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Sérgio Agostinho , João Gomes , Alessio Del Bue

Perspective-n-Point-and-Line (P$n$PL) algorithms aim at fast, accurate, and robust camera localization with respect to a 3D model from 2D-3D feature correspondences, being a major part of modern robotic and AR/VR systems. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Alexander Vakhitov , Luis Ferraz Colomina , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno-Noguer

Perspective-$n$-Point (P$n$P) stands as a fundamental algorithm for pose estimation in various applications. In this paper, we present a new approach to the P$n$P problem with relaxed constraints, eliminating the need for precise 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Jiaxin Wei , Stefan Leutenegger , Laurent Kneip

This paper presents a dual quaternion framework for 6-DOF visual target tracking that addresses key limitations of perspective-n-point (P$n$P) solvers: sensitivity to noise and outliers, and inability to propagate estimates through…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Nicholas B. Andrews , Kristi A. Morgansen

Estimating the 6-DoF pose of a camera from a single image relative to a pre-computed 3D point-set is an important task for many computer vision applications. Perspective-n-Point (PnP) solvers are routinely used for camera pose estimation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-28 Dylan Campbell , Lars Petersson , Laurent Kneip , Hongdong Li

We describe a convex programming framework for pose estimation in 2D/3D point-set registration with unknown point correspondences. We give two mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINP) formulations of the 2D/3D registration problem when there…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-29 Yuehaw Khoo , Ankur Kapoor

We present a fast and accurate solution to the perspective $n$-points problem, by way of a new approach to the n=4 case. Our solution hinges on a novel separation of variables: given four 3D points and four corresponding 2D points on the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-24 David Lehavi , Brian Osserman

We consider the robust Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem using a hybrid approach that combines deep learning with model based algorithms. PnP is the problem of estimating the pose of a calibrated camera given a set of 3D points in the world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Roy Sheffer , Ami Wiesel

Camera pose estimation is a fundamental problem in robotics. This paper focuses on two issues of interest: First, point and line features have complementary advantages, and it is of great value to design a uniform algorithm that can fuse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Guangyang Zeng , Biqiang Mu , Qingcheng Zeng , Yuchen Song , Chulin Dai , Guodong Shi , Junfeng Wu

Determining the position and orientation of a calibrated camera from a single image with respect to a 3D model is an essential task for many applications. When 2D-3D correspondences can be obtained reliably, perspective-n-point solvers can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Dylan Campbell , Lars Petersson , Laurent Kneip , Hongdong Li , Stephen Gould

We consider the acoustic-n-point (AnP) problem, which estimates the pose of a 2D forward-looking sonar (FLS) according to n 3D-2D point correspondences. We explore the nature of the measured partial spherical coordinates and reveal their…

The present work proposes a solution to the challenging problem of registering two partial point sets of the same object with very limited overlap. We leverage the fact that most objects found in man-made environments contain a plane of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Lan Hu , Haomin Shi , Laurent Kneip

The Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem has been widely studied in the literature and applied in various vision-based pose estimation scenarios. However, existing methods ignore the anisotropy uncertainty of observations, as demonstrated in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Tian Zhan , Chunfeng Xu , Cheng Zhang , Ke Zhu

Imaging inverse problems aim to recover high-dimensional signals from undersampled, noisy measurements, a fundamentally ill-posed task with infinite solutions in the null-space of the sensing operator. To resolve this ambiguity, prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Roman Jacome , Romario Gualdrón-Hurtado , Leon Suarez , Henry Arguello

This paper addresses a special Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem: estimating the optimal pose to align 3D and 2D shapes in real-time without correspondences, termed as correspondence-free PnP. While several studies have focused on 3D and 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Jingwei Song , Maani Ghaffari

The Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem has been widely studied in both computer vision and photogrammetry societies. With the development of feature extraction techniques, a large number of feature points might be available in a single shot.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Guangyang Zeng , Shiyu Chen , Biqiang Mu , Guodong Shi , Junfeng Wu

The Perspective-n-Point problem aims to estimate the relative pose between a calibrated monocular camera and a known 3D model, by aligning pairs of 2D captured image points to their corresponding 3D points in the model. We suggest an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Ibrahim Jubran , Fares Fares , Yuval Alfassi , Firas Ayoub , Dan Feldman

Retrieving the missing dimension information in acoustic images from 2D forward-looking sonar is a well-known problem in the field of underwater robotics. There are works attempting to retrieve 3D information from a single image which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yusheng Wang , Yonghoon Ji , Hiroshi Tsuchiya , Hajime Asama , Atsushi Yamashita
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