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Diffusion models (DMs) create samples from a data distribution by starting from random noise and iteratively solving a reverse-time ordinary differential equation (ODE). Because each step in the iterative solution requires an expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Eric Frankel , Sitan Chen , Jerry Li , Pang Wei Koh , Lillian J. Ratliff , Sewoong Oh

Diffusion models have been leveraged to perform adversarial purification and thus provide both empirical and certified robustness for a standard model. On the other hand, different robustly trained smoothed models have been studied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Jiawei Zhang , Zhongzhu Chen , Huan Zhang , Chaowei Xiao , Bo Li

With the rise of large foundation models, split inference (SI) has emerged as a popular computational paradigm for deploying models across lightweight edge devices and cloud servers, addressing data privacy and computational cost concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Wa-Kin Lei , Jun-Cheng Chen , Shang-Tse Chen

Recent advancements in image motion deblurring, driven by CNNs and transformers, have made significant progress. Large-scale pre-trained diffusion models, which are rich in real-world modeling, have shown great promise for high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Xiaoyang Liu , Zhengyan Zhou , Zihang Xu , Jiezhang Cao , Zheng Chen , Yulun Zhang

Audio Super-Resolution is a set of techniques aimed at high-quality estimation of the given signal as if it would be sampled with higher sample rate. Among suggested methods there are diffusion and flow models (which are considered slower),…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Nikita Kuznetsov , Maksim Kaledin

Flood prediction is critical for emergency planning and response to mitigate human and economic losses. Traditional physics-based hydrodynamic models generate high-resolution flood maps using numerical methods requiring fine-grid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sun Han Neo , Sachith Seneviratne , Herath Mudiyanselage Viraj Vidura Herath , Abhishek Saha , Sanka Rasnayaka , Lucy Amanda Marshall

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as a powerful generative modeling framework for discrete data with successful applications spanning from text generation to image synthesis. However, their deployment faces challenges due to the high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yinuo Ren , Haoxuan Chen , Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Yongxin Chen , Grant M. Rotskoff , Molei Tao , Lexing Ying

Score-based diffusion models have significantly advanced generative deep learning for image processing. Measurement conditioned models have also been applied to inverse problems such as CT reconstruction. However, the conventional approach,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Matthew Tivnan , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li

We present a concise, self-contained derivation of diffusion-based generative models. Starting from basic properties of Gaussian distributions (densities, quadratic expectations, re-parameterisation, products, and KL divergences), we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sepehr Maleki , Negar Pourmoazemi

Diffusion models excel at capturing the natural design spaces of images, molecules, DNA, RNA, and protein sequences. However, rather than merely generating designs that are natural, we often aim to optimize downstream reward functions while…

Autoregressive next-step prediction models have become the de-facto standard for building data-driven neural solvers to forecast time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). Denoise training that is closely related to diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zijie Li , Anthony Zhou , Amir Barati Farimani

Diffusion models can learn rich representations during data generation, showing potential for Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), but they face a trade-off between generative quality and discriminative performance. Their iterative sampling also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Kosuke Ukita , Tsuyoshi Okita

Diffusion models have gained prominence in generating high-quality sequences of text. Nevertheless, current approaches predominantly represent discrete text within a continuous diffusion space, which incurs substantial computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Shansan Gong , Mukai Li , Jiangtao Feng , Zhiyong Wu , Lingpeng Kong

Gradient leakage has been identified as a potential source of privacy breaches in modern image processing systems, where the adversary can completely reconstruct the training images from leaked gradients. However, existing methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jiayang Meng , Tao Huang , Hong Chen , Cuiping Li

Diffusion-based approaches have recently driven remarkable progress in real-world image super-resolution (SR). However, existing methods still struggle to simultaneously preserve fine details and ensure high-fidelity reconstruction, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Aro Kim , Myeongjin Jang , Chaewon Moon , Youngjin Shin , Jinwoo Jeong , Sang-hyo Park

Image denoising is a fundamental and challenging task in the field of computer vision. Most supervised denoising methods learn to reconstruct clean images from noisy inputs, which have intrinsic spectral bias and tend to produce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Yujin Wang , Lingen Li , Tianfan Xue , Jinwei Gu

Proper guidance strategies are essential to achieve high-quality generation results without retraining diffusion and flow-based text-to-image models. Existing guidance either requires specific training or strong inductive biases of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Tiancheng Li , Weijian Luo , Zhiyang Chen , Liyuan Ma , Guo-Jun Qi

Inverse problems arise in a multitude of applications, where the goal is to recover a clean signal from noisy and possibly (non)linear observations. The difficulty of a reconstruction problem depends on multiple factors, such as the ground…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Diffusion models have established new state of the art in a multitude of computer vision tasks, including image restoration. Diffusion-based inverse problem solvers generate reconstructions of exceptional visual quality from heavily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Diffusion models with their powerful expressivity and high sample quality have achieved State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) performance in the generative domain. The pioneering Vision Transformer (ViT) has also demonstrated strong modeling capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Ali Hatamizadeh , Jiaming Song , Guilin Liu , Jan Kautz , Arash Vahdat