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Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated its ability to solve high dimensional tasks by leveraging non-linear function approximators. However, these successes are mostly achieved by 'black-box' policies in simulated domains. When…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Riad Akrour , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters

Offline goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) is a promising approach for pretraining generalist policies on large datasets of reward-free trajectories, akin to the self-supervised objectives used to train foundation models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 John L. Zhou , Jonathan C. Kao

Graph-based representations and message-passing modular policies constitute prominent approaches to tackling composable control problems in reinforcement learning (RL). However, as shown by recent graph deep learning literature, such local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Tommaso Marzi , Arshjot Khehra , Andrea Cini , Cesare Alippi

In recent years, deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been successful in various combinatorial search domains, such as two-player games and scientific discovery. However, directly applying deep RL in planning domains is still challenging.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Dieqiao Feng , Carla P. Gomes , Bart Selman

Human players in professional team sports achieve high level coordination by dynamically choosing complementary skills and executing primitive actions to perform these skills. As a step toward creating intelligent agents with this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Jiachen Yang , Igor Borovikov , Hongyuan Zha

Real-world tasks are often highly structured. Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) has attracted research interest as an approach for leveraging the hierarchical structure of a given task in reinforcement learning (RL). However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Takayuki Osa , Voot Tangkaratt , Masashi Sugiyama

Reinforcement learning (RL) exhibits remarkable potential in addressing autonomous driving tasks. However, it is difficult to train a sample-efficient and safe policy in complex scenarios. In this article, we propose a novel hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yiou Huang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly applied to real-world problems involving complex and structured decisions, such as routing, scheduling, and assortment planning. These settings challenge standard RL algorithms, which struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Heiko Hoppe , Léo Baty , Louis Bouvier , Axel Parmentier , Maximilian Schiffer

We investigate reinforcement learning in the Game Of Hidden Rules (GOHR) environment, a complex puzzle in which an agent must infer and execute hidden rules to clear a 6$\times$6 board by placing game pieces into buckets. We explore two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Christo Mathew , Wentian Wang , Jacob Feldman , Lazaros K. Gallos , Paul B. Kantor , Vladimir Menkov , Hao Wang

A large variety of real-world Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks is characterized by a complex and heterogeneous structure that makes end-to-end (or flat) approaches hardly applicable or even infeasible. Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Gianluca Drappo , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

Deep reinforcement learning has shown its effectiveness in various applications, providing a promising direction for solving tasks with high complexity. However, naively applying classical RL for learning a complex long-horizon task with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Jeong-Hoon Lee , Jongeun Choi

Hierarchical decomposition of control is unavoidable in large dynamical systems. In reinforcement learning (RL), it is usually solved with subgoals defined at higher policy levels and achieved at lower policy levels. Reaching these goals…

The current thesis aims to explore the reinforcement learning field and build on existing methods to produce improved ones to tackle the problem of learning in high-dimensional and complex environments. It addresses such goals by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ayoub Ghriss , Masashi Sugiyama , Alessandro Lazaric

Planning safe trajectories under uncertain and dynamic conditions makes the autonomous driving problem significantly complex. Current sampling-based methods such as Rapidly Exploring Random Trees (RRTs) are not ideal for this problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Kaleb Ben Naveed , Zhiqian Qiao , John M. Dolan

Safety in goal directed Reinforcement Learning (RL) settings has typically been handled through constraints over trajectories and have demonstrated good performance in primarily short horizon tasks. In this paper, we are specifically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yuxiao Lu , Arunesh Sinha , Pradeep Varakantham

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) is a promising approach for managing task complexity across multiple levels of abstraction and accelerating long-horizon agent exploration. However, the effectiveness of hierarchical policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xianghua Zeng , Hao Peng , Dingli Su , Angsheng Li

Offline goal-conditioned reinforcement learning remains challenging for long-horizon tasks. While hierarchical approaches mitigate this issue by decomposing tasks, most existing methods rely on separate high- and low-level networks and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jinwoo Choi , Sang-Hyun Lee , Seung-Woo Seo

Recent work in deep reinforcement learning (RL) has produced algorithms capable of mastering challenging games such as Go, chess, or shogi. In these works the RL agent directly observes the natural state of the game and controls that state…

Legged robots navigating crowded scenes and complex terrains in the real world are required to execute dynamic leg movements while processing visual input for obstacle avoidance and path planning. We show that a quadruped robot can acquire…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Deepali Jain , Atil Iscen , Ken Caluwaerts

We study reinforcement learning (RL) for text-based games, which are interactive simulations in the context of natural language. While different methods have been developed to represent the environment information and language actions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chengqi Zhang