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Recently, recommender system (RS) based on causal inference has gained much attention in the industrial community, as well as the states of the art performance in many prediction and debiasing tasks. Nevertheless, a unified causal analysis…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Peng Wu , Haoxuan Li , Yuhao Deng , Wenjie Hu , Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Jie Sun , Rui Zhang , Xiao-Hua Zhou

Progress in machine learning is measured by careful evaluation on problems of outstanding common interest. However, the proliferation of benchmark suites and environments, adversarial attacks, and other complications has diluted the basic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-01 David Balduzzi , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , Thore Graepel

Modern retrieval systems are often driven by an underlying machine learning model. The goal of such systems is to identify and possibly rank the few most relevant items for a given query or context. Thus, such systems are typically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-02 Elad ET. Eban , Mariano Schain , Alan Mackey , Ariel Gordon , Rif A. Saurous , Gal Elidan

Model-based offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) constructs environment models from offline datasets to perform conservative policy optimization. Existing approaches focus on learning state transitions through ensemble models, rollouting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Hongye Cao , Fan Feng , Jing Huo , Shangdong Yang , Meng Fang , Tianpei Yang , Yang Gao

In large organisations, identifying experts on a given topic is crucial in leveraging the internal knowledge spread across teams and departments. So-called enterprise expert retrieval systems automatically discover and structure employees'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jens-Joris Decorte , Jeroen Van Hautte , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

The off-policy learning paradigm allows for recommender systems and general ranking applications to be framed as decision-making problems, where we aim to learn decision policies that optimize an unbiased offline estimate of an online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Shashank Gupta , Olivier Jeunen , Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

Evaluation plays a crucial role in the development of ranking algorithms on search and recommender systems. It enables online platforms to create user-friendly features that drive commercial success in a steady and effective manner. The…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Qing Zhang , Alex Deng , Michelle Du , Huiji Gao , Liwei He , Sanjeev Katariya

Pre-trained machine learning (ML) predictions have been increasingly used to complement incomplete data to enable downstream scientific inquiries, but their naive integration risks biased inferences. Recently, multiple methods have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-12 Xingran Chen , Tyler McCormick , Bhramar Mukherjee , Zhenke Wu

Societal biases are reflected in large pre-trained language models and their fine-tuned versions on downstream tasks. Common in-processing bias mitigation approaches, such as adversarial training and mutual information removal, introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Lukas Hauzenberger , Shahed Masoudian , Deepak Kumar , Markus Schedl , Navid Rekabsaz

It is a well-known challenge to learn an unbiased ranker with biased feedback. Unbiased learning-to-rank(LTR) algorithms, which are verified to model the relative relevance accurately based on noisy feedback, are appealing candidates and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yi Ren , Hongyan Tang , Siwen Zhu

Learning to rank systems has become an important aspect of our daily life. However, the implicit user feedback that is used to train many learning to rank models is usually noisy and suffered from user bias (i.e., position bias). Thus,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Anh Tran , Tao Yang , Qingyao Ai

Ranking models, i.e., coarse-ranking and fine-ranking models, serve as core components in large-scale recommendation systems, responsible for scoring massive item candidates based on user preferences. To meet the stringent latency…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Yusheng Huang , Pengbo Xu , Shen Wang , Changxin Lao , Jiangxia Cao , Shuang Wen , Shuang Yang , Zhaojie Liu , Han Li , Kun Gai

Learning-to-rank (LTR) has become a key technology in E-commerce applications. Most existing LTR approaches follow a supervised learning paradigm from offline labeled data collected from the online system. However, it has been noticed that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Guangda Huzhang , Zhen-Jia Pang , Yongqing Gao , Yawen Liu , Weijie Shen , Wen-Ji Zhou , Qing Da , An-Xiang Zeng , Han Yu , Yang Yu , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Recent work has improved recommendation models remarkably by equipping them with debiasing methods. Due to the unavailability of fully-exposed datasets, most existing approaches resort to randomly-exposed datasets as a proxy for evaluating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Chengbing Wang , Wentao Shi , Jizhi Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Hang Pan , Fuli Feng

Recommendation is the task of improving customer experience through personalized recommendation based on users' past feedback. In this paper, we investigate the most common scenario: the user-item (U-I) matrix of implicit feedback. Even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Peng Yang , Peilin Zhao , Xin Gao , Yong Liu

Extracting query-document relevance from the sparse, biased clickthrough log is among the most fundamental tasks in the web search system. Prior art mainly learns a relevance judgment model with semantic features of the query and document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Lixin Zou , Changying Hao , Hengyi Cai , Suqi Cheng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Wenwen Ye , Zhicong Cheng , Simiu Gu , Dawei Yin

Establishing sound experimental standards and rigour is important in any growing field of research. Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is one such nascent field. Although exciting progress has been made, MARL has recently come…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Siddarth Singh , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Wiem Khlifi , Abidine Vall , Kale-ab Tessera , Arnu Pretorius

Semantic relevance calculation is crucial for e-commerce search engines, as it ensures that the items selected closely align with customer intent. Inadequate attention to this aspect can detrimentally affect user experience and engagement.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ben Chen , Huangyu Dai , Xiang Ma , Wen Jiang , Wei Ning

Multimodal recommendation systems (MRS) jointly model user-item interaction graphs and rich item content, but this tight coupling makes user data difficult to remove once learned. Approximate machine unlearning offers an efficient…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhanting Zhou , KaHou Tam , Ziqiang Zheng , Zeyu Ma , Yang Yang

Although approaches for handling missing data from longitudinal studies are well-developed when the patterns of missingness are monotone, fewer methods are available for non-monotone missingness. Moreover, the conventional missing at random…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-28 Boyu Ren , Stuart R. Lipsitz , Roger D. Weiss , Garrett M. Fitzmaurice