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Transformers have become the backbone of neural network architecture for most machine learning applications. Their widespread use has resulted in multiple efforts on accelerating attention, the basic building block of transformers. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Dong Eun Kim , Tanvi Sharma , Kaushik Roy

We introduce Hindsight-Guided Momentum (HGM), a first-order optimization algorithm that adaptively scales learning rates based on the directional consistency of recent updates. Traditional adaptive methods, such as Adam or RMSprop , adapt…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Krisanu Sarkar

Artificial intelligence (AI) application domains consist of a mix of tensor operations with high and low arithmetic intensities (aka reuse). Hierarchical (i.e. compute along multiple levels of memory hierarchy) and heterogeneous (multiple…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Raveesh Garg , Michael Pellauer , Tushar Krishna

Time series classification plays a fundamental role in a wide range of real-world applications. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong generalization and reasoning capacities, but directly applying them to time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Xiaoyu Tao , Tingyue Pan , Mingyue Cheng , Yucong Luo , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and self-attention are both widely used sequence-mixing layers that maintain an internal memory. However, this memory is constructed using two orthogonal mechanisms: RNNs compress the entire past into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Leon Lufkin , Tomás Figliolia , Beren Millidge , Kamesh Krishnamurthy

We introduce the Hyperedge-triggered Hawkes (HTH) process for inferring higher-order interaction structure in multi-cellular systems from asynchronous event-time data. Beyond standard pairwise excitation, the HTH intensity includes a term…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Zihan Xu

Spatial and temporal relationships, both short-range and long-range, between objects in videos, are key cues for recognizing actions. It is a challenging problem to model them jointly. In this paper, we first present a new variant of Long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Zexi Chen , Bharathkumar Ramachandra , Tianfu Wu , Ranga Raju Vatsavai

High-performance computing (HPC) has revolutionized our ability to perform detailed simulations of complex real-world processes. A prominent contemporary example is from aerospace propulsion, where HPC is used for rotating detonation rocket…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Ionut-Gabriel Farcas , Rayomand P. Gundevia , Ramakanth Munipalli , Karen E. Willcox

Trajectory prediction is a pivotal component of autonomous driving systems, enabling the application of accumulated movement experience to current scenarios. Although most existing methods concentrate on learning continuous representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Hang Guo , Yuzhen Zhang , Tianci Gao , Junning Su , Pei Lv , Mingliang Xu

In recent times, the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in increasingly larger model size, posing challenges for inference on low-resource devices. Prior approaches have explored offloading to facilitate low-memory…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xuanlei Zhao , Bin Jia , Haotian Zhou , Ziming Liu , Shenggan Cheng , Yang You

Inspired by the human ability to selectively focus on relevant information, this paper introduces relevance, a novel dimensionality reduction process for human-robot collaboration (HRC). Our approach incorporates a continuously operating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Xiaotong Zhang , Dean Huang , Kamal Youcef-Toumi

Large language model (LLM)-based agents have shown strong potential in multi-task scenarios, owing to their ability to transfer knowledge across diverse tasks. However, existing approaches often treat prior experiences and knowledge as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shicheng Ye , Chao Yu , Kaiqiang Ke , Chengdong Xu , Yinqi Wei

Resistive memory (RM) based neuromorphic systems can emulate synaptic plasticity and thus support continual learning, but they generally lack biologically inspired mechanisms for active forgetting, which are critical for meeting modern data…

In-situ LLM inference on end-user devices has gained significant interest due to its privacy benefits and reduced dependency on external infrastructure. However, as the decoding process is memory-bandwidth-bound, the diverse processing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Jinhui Wei , Ye Huang , Yuhui Zhou , Jiazhi Jiang , Jiangsu Du , Yutong Lu

The Hierarchical Kernel Transformer (HKT) is a multi-scale attention mechanism that processes sequences at L resolution levels via trainable causal downsampling, combining level-specific score matrices through learned convex weights. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Giansalvo Cirrincione

Spiking neural networks excel at event-driven sensing. Yet, maintaining task-relevant context over long timescales both algorithmically and in hardware, while respecting both tight energy and memory budgets, remains a core challenge in the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Pengfei Sun , Zhe Su , Jascha Achterberg , Giacomo Indiveri , Dan F. M. Goodman , Danyal Akarca

Agentic AI require persistent memory to store user-specific histories beyond the limited context window of LLMs. Existing memory systems use dense vector databases or knowledge-graph traversal (or hybrid), incurring high retrieval latency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yi Li , Lianjie Cao , Faraz Ahmed , Puneet Sharma , Bingzhe Li

The increasing complexity of transformer models in artificial intelligence expands their computational costs, memory usage, and energy consumption. Hardware acceleration tackles the ensuing challenges by designing processors and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Alireza Amirshahi , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

Neural reasoners such as Tiny Recursive Models (TRMs) solve complex problems by combining neural backbones with specialized inference schemes. Such inference schemes have been a central component of stochastic reasoning systems, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mieszko Komisarczyk , Saurabh Mathur , Maurice Kraus , Sriraam Natarajan , Kristian Kersting

The Hierarchical Heavy Hitters problem extends the notion of frequent items to data arranged in a hierarchy. This problem has applications to network traffic monitoring, anomaly detection, and DDoS detection. We present a new streaming…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-08-10 Michael Mitzenmacher , Thomas Steinke , Justin Thaler