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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) operate in dynamic environments, leading to different types of uncertainty. This work provides a comprehensive review of uncertainty representations and categorizes them based on the dimensions used to represent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Johannes Mäkelburg , Diego Perez-Palacin , Raffaela Mirandola , Maribel Acosta

Deep Neural Network-based systems are now the state-of-the-art in many robotics tasks, but their application in safety-critical domains remains dangerous without formal guarantees on network robustness. Small perturbations to sensor inputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Michael Everett , Bjorn Lutjens , Jonathan P. How

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive performance on a variety of tasks, but their brittleness to distributional shifts remains a significant barrier to real-world deployment. In this paper, we propose a framework to analyse and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Divij Khaitan , Subhashis Banerjee

In Model-Based Design of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), it is often desirable to develop several models of varying fidelity. Models of different fidelity levels can enable mathematical analysis of the model, control synthesis, faster…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Houssam Abbas , Bardh Hoxha , Georgios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh , James Kapinski , Koichi Ueda

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are interconnected architectures that employ analog, digital, and communication resources for their interaction with the physical environment. CPS are the backbone of enterprise, industrial, and critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Ioannis Zografopoulos , Juan Ospina , XiaoRui Liu , Charalambos Konstantinou

This thesis develops data-driven machine learning algorithms to managing and optimizing the next-generation highly complex cyberphysical systems, which desperately need ground-breaking control, monitoring, and decision making schemes that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Alireza Sadeghi

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate sensing, communication, computation, and control to support critical infrastructure, including smart grids, industrial automation, and control systems. In the electrical utility domain, various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Abile Jean , Kuniyilh S

Business process simulation (BPS) is a key tool for analyzing and optimizing organizational workflows, supporting decision-making by estimating the impact of process changes. The reliability of such estimates depends on the ability of a BPS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Konrad Özdemir , Lukas Kirchdorfer , Keyvan Amiri Elyasi , Han van der Aa , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Fast and reliable state estimation and tracking are essential for real-time situation awareness in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) operating in tactical environments or complicated civilian environments. Traditional centralized solutions do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Connor Mclaughlin , Matthew Ding , Deniz Erdogmus , Lili Su

Training a deep neural network (DNN) often involves stochastic optimization, which means each run will produce a different model. Several works suggest this variability is negligible when models have the same performance, which in the case…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-03 Sinjini Banerjee , Reilly Cannon , Tim Marrinan , Tony Chiang , Anand D. Sarwate

As deep neural networks (DNNs) get adopted in an ever-increasing number of applications, explainability has emerged as a crucial desideratum for these models. In many real-world tasks, one of the principal reasons for requiring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Vedant Nanda , Till Speicher , John P. Dickerson , Krishna P. Gummadi , Muhammad Bilal Zafar

It is critical and challenging to design robust predictors for stochastic dynamical systems (SDSs) with uncertainty quantification (UQ) in the prediction. Specifically, robustness guarantees the worst-case performance when the predictor's…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Tao Xu , Jianping He

Concerns for the resilience of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)s in critical infrastructure are growing. CPS integrate sensing, computation, control, and networking into physical objects and mission-critical services, connecting traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Mariana Segovia-Ferreira , Jose Rubio-Hernan , Ana Rosa Cavalli , Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro

Characterizing attacker behavior with respect to Cyber-Physical Systems is important to assuring the security posture and resilience of these systems. Classical cyber vulnerability assessment approaches rely on the knowledge and experience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Christopher Deloglos , Carl Elks , Ashraf Tantawy

Deep neural networks for computer vision are deployed in increasingly safety-critical and socially-impactful applications, motivating the need to close the gap in model performance under varied, naturally occurring imaging conditions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Nathan Drenkow , Numair Sani , Ilya Shpitser , Mathias Unberath

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) now support critical infrastructure spanning transportation, energy, manufacturing, medical devices, and autonomous robotics. Their defining characteristic is the tight coupling between digital computation and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Rahul Bulusu

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) facilitate the integration of physical entities and cyber infrastructures through the utilization of pervasive computational resources and communication units, leading to improved efficiency, automation, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Zirui Liao , Jian Shi , Yuwei Zhang , Shaoping Wang , Zhiyong Sun

Adversarial examples pose a security threat to many critical systems built on neural networks (such as face recognition systems, and self-driving cars). While many methods have been proposed to build robust models, how to build certifiably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ruihan Zhang , Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun

This chapter explores the foundational concept of robustness in Machine Learning (ML) and its integral role in establishing trustworthiness in Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. The discussion begins with a detailed definition of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Houssem Ben Braiek , Foutse Khomh

In many real-world applications of machine learning such as recommendations, hiring, and lending, deployed models influence the data they are trained on, leading to feedback loops between predictions and data distribution. The performative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Kun Jin , Tian Xie , Yang Liu , Xueru Zhang