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We consider a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem where each agent seeks to maximize a shared reward while interacting with other agents, and they may or may not be able to communicate. Typically the agents do not have access to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Alex Tong Lin , Mark J. Debord , Katia Estabridis , Gary Hewer , Guido Montufar , Stanley Osher

Symbols are shared, but perception is private. We study emergent communication between heterogeneous visual agents through decentralized learning, asking what visual information can become shareable when agents have different visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Mikako Ochiai , Masatoshi Nagano , Tadahiro Taniguchi

Robust coordination is critical for effective decision-making in multi-agent systems, especially under partial observability. A central question in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is whether to engineer communication protocols or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Brennen A. Hill , Mant Koh En Wei , Thangavel Jishnuanandh

Collaborative multi-agent exploration of unknown environments is crucial for search and rescue operations. Effective real-world deployment must address challenges such as limited inter-agent communication and static and dynamic obstacles.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Gabriele Calzolari , Vidya Sumathy , Christoforos Kanellakis , George Nikolakopoulos

The mean-field framework has been used to find approximate solutions to problems involving very large populations of symmetric, anonymous agents, which may be intractable by other methods. The cooperative mean-field control (MFC) problem…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Patrick Benjamin , Alessandro Abate

Sample efficiency is a critical challenge in reinforcement learning. Model-based RL has emerged as a solution, but its application has largely been confined to single-agent scenarios. In this work, we introduce CoDreamer, an extension of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Edan Toledo , Amanda Prorok

In most multiagent applications, communication is essential among agents to coordinate their actions, and thus achieve their goal. However, communication often has a related cost that affects overall system performance. In this paper, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Abeer Alshehri , Tim Miller , Liz Sonenberg

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning is a powerful tool to solve many real-world cooperative tasks, but restrictions of real-world applications may require training the agents in a fully decentralized manner. Due to the lack of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Jiechuan Jiang , Kefan Su , Zongqing Lu

We propose a distributed model predictive control (MPC) framework for coordinating heterogeneous, nonlinear multi-agent systems under individual and coupling constraints. The cooperative task is encoded as a shared objective function…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Matthias Köhler , Matthias A. Müller , Frank Allgöwer

The coordination of autonomous agents is a critical issue for decentralized communication networks. Instead of transmitting information, the agents interact in a coordinated manner in order to optimize a general objective function. A target…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Maël Le Treust

When are multi-agent LLM systems merely a collection of individual agents versus an integrated collective with higher-order structure? We introduce an information-theoretic framework to test -- in a purely data-driven way -- whether…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Christoph Riedl

Collaborative decision making in multi-agent systems typically requires a predefined communication protocol among agents. Usually, agent-level observations are locally processed and information is exchanged using the predefined protocol,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Homagni Saha , Vijay Venkataraman , Alberto Speranzon , Soumik Sarkar

This paper describes a computational model of multiagent multimodal categorization that realizes emergent communication. We clarify whether the computational model can reproduce the following functions in a symbol emergence system,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Yoshinobu Hagiwara , Kazuma Furukawa , Akira Taniguchi , Tadahiro Taniguchi

Communication has been widely employed to enhance multi-agent collaboration. Previous research has typically assumed delay-free communication, a strong assumption that is challenging to meet in practice. However, real-world agents suffer…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Shoucheng Song , Youfang Lin , Sheng Han , Chang Yao , Hao Wu , Shuo Wang , Kai Lv

The rapid growth of wearable sensor technologies holds substantial promise for the field of personalized and context-aware Human Activity Recognition. Given the inherently decentralized nature of data sources within this domain, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Ahmad Esmaeili , Zahra Ghorrati , Eric T. Matson

In order to collaborate efficiently with unknown partners in cooperative control settings, adaptation of the partners based on online experience is required. The rather general and widely applicable control setting, where each cooperation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Florian Köpf , Samuel Tesfazgi , Michael Flad , Sören Hohmann

In this paper, we propose a novel model-based multi-agent reinforcement learning approach named Value Decomposition Framework with Disentangled World Model to address the challenge of achieving a common goal of multiple agents interacting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zhizun Wang , David Meger

A crucial challenge in decentralized systems is state estimation in the presence of unknown inputs, particularly within heterogeneous sensor networks with dynamic topologies. While numerous consensus algorithms have been introduced, they…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Zida Wu , Ankur Mehta

We report two decentralized multi-agent cooperative localization algorithms in which, to reduce the communication cost, inter-agent state estimate correlations are not maintained but accounted for implicitly. In our first algorithm, to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Jianan Zhu , Solmaz S. Kia

This work presents a novel communication framework for decentralized multi-agent systems operating in dynamic network environments. Integrated into a multi-agent reinforcement learning system, the framework is designed to enhance…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ben McClusky