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Related papers: Enhancing LLM Robustness to Perturbed Instructions…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to carefully crafted perturbations. In this study, we seek to pinpoint the sources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Runpeng Dai , Run Yang , Fan Zhou , Hongtu Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become extremely potent instruments with exceptional capacities for comprehending and producing human-like text in a wide range of applications. However, the increasing size and complexity of LLMs present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yingbing Huang , Lily Jiaxin Wan , Hanchen Ye , Manvi Jha , Jinghua Wang , Yuhong Li , Xiaofan Zhang , Deming Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as automated judges and synthetic labelers, especially in low-label settings. Yet these systems are stochastic and often overconfident, which makes deployment decisions difficult when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Maxim Khomiakov , Jes Frellsen

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved top results in recent machine translation evaluations, but they are also known to be sensitive to errors and perturbations in their prompts. We systematically evaluate how both humanly plausible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Patrícia Schmidtová , Niyati Bafna , Seth Aycock , Gianluca Vico , Wiktor Kamzela , Katharina Hämmerl , Vilém Zouhar

The prevailing approach to aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) typically relies on human or AI feedback and assumes access to specific types of preference datasets. In our work, we question the efficacy of such datasets and explore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Hao Sun

Robust verbal confidence generated by large language models (LLMs) is crucial for the deployment of LLMs to help ensure transparency, trust, and safety in many applications, including those involving human-AI interactions. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Stephen Obadinma , Xiaodan Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in educational and learning applications. Research has demonstrated that controlling for style, to fit the needs of the learner, fosters increased understanding, promotes inclusion,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ankit Aich , Tingting Liu , Salvatore Giorgi , Kelsey Isman , Lyle Ungar , Brenda Curtis

We propose a new finetuning method to provide pre-trained large language models (LMs) the ability to scale test-time compute through the diffusion framework. By increasing the number of diffusion steps, we show our finetuned models achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Cetin , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Current benchmarks for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) often do not exhibit enough writing style diversity, with many adhering primarily to standardized conventions. Such benchmarks do not fully capture the rich variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Kimberly Le Truong , Riccardo Fogliato , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Finetuning language models on a collection of datasets phrased as instructions has been shown to improve model performance and generalization to unseen tasks. In this paper we explore instruction finetuning with a particular focus on (1)…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in performing complex cognitive tasks. However, their complexity and lack of transparency have raised several trustworthiness concerns, including the propagation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Satyapriya Krishna

Proprietary Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional capabilities in handling a diverse range of tasks. Recent studies demonstrate that open-sourced smaller foundational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Deng Cai , Xinting Huang , Tao Fang , Wei Bi

Fine-tuning is the dominant paradigm for adapting pretrained large language models (LLMs) to downstream NLP tasks. In practice, fine-tuning datasets may contain various forms of noise arising from annotation errors, preprocessing artifacts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Lingfang Li , Procheta Sen

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased striking results on existing logical reasoning benchmarks, with some models even surpassing human performance. However, the true depth of their competencies and robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Pengfei Hong , Navonil Majumder , Deepanway Ghosal , Somak Aditya , Rada Mihalcea , Soujanya Poria

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human objectives is crucial for real-world applications. However, fine-tuning LLMs for alignment often suffers from unstable training and requires substantial computing resources. Test-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lingkai Kong , Haorui Wang , Wenhao Mu , Yuanqi Du , Yuchen Zhuang , Yifei Zhou , Yue Song , Rongzhi Zhang , Kai Wang , Chao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) excel across diverse natural language processing tasks but face resource demands and limited context windows. Although techniques like pruning, quantization, and token dropping can mitigate these issues, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ammar Ahmed , Sheng Di , Franck Cappello , Zirui Liu , Jingoo Han , Ali Anwar

Large language models (LLMs) are typically aligned to refuse harmful instructions through safety fine-tuning. A recent attack, termed abliteration, identifies and suppresses the single latent direction most responsible for refusal behavior,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Harethah Abu Shairah , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Bernard Ghanem , George Turkiyyah

This work investigated the capabilities of different models, including the Llama-3 series of models and CHATGPT, with different forms of expression in solving discrete optimization problems by testing natural language datasets. In contrast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tianhao Qian , Guilin Qi , Z. Y. Wu , Ran Gu , Xuanyi Liu , Canchen Lyu

Fine-tuning over large pretrained language models (PLMs) has established many state-of-the-art results. Despite its superior performance, such fine-tuning can be unstable, resulting in significant variance in performance and potential risks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Chenghao Yang , Xuezhe Ma

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance as text embedding models when finetuned with supervised contrastive training. However, their large size balloons inference time and memory requirements. In this paper, we show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Thennal D K , Tim Fischer , Chris Biemann