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Sparse neural networks are becoming increasingly important as the field seeks to improve the performance of existing models by scaling them up, while simultaneously trying to reduce power consumption and computational footprint.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Siddhant M. Jayakumar , Razvan Pascanu , Jack W. Rae , Simon Osindero , Erich Elsen

Federated Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (Fed-PEFT) enables lightweight adaptation of large pre-trained models in federated learning settings by updating only a small subset of parameters. However, Fed-PEFT methods typically assume a fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Feng Yu , Jia Hu , Geyong Min

Semantic text classification requires the understanding of the contextual significance of specific tokens rather than surface-level patterns or keywords (as in rule-based or statistical text classification), making large language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Adit Krishnan , Chu Wang , Chris Kong

Parameter-efficient tuning aims to distill knowledge for downstream tasks by optimizing a few introduced parameters while freezing the pretrained language models (PLMs). Continuous prompt tuning which prepends a few trainable vectors to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Haoran Yang , Piji Li , Wai Lam

The paper considers the problem of performing a task defined on a model parameter that is only observed indirectly through noisy data in an ill-posed inverse problem. A key aspect is to formalize the steps of reconstruction and task as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Jonas Adler , Sebastian Lunz , Olivier Verdier , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ozan Öktem

Activation sparsity can enable practical inference speedups in large language models (LLMs) by reducing the compute and memory-movement required for matrix multiplications during the forward pass. However, existing methods face limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 James Liu , Pragaash Ponnusamy , Tianle Cai , Han Guo , Yoon Kim , Ben Athiwaratkun

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a popular solution for adapting pre-trained Vision Transformer (ViT) models to downstream applications by updating only a small subset of parameters. While current PEFT methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Ting Liu , Xuyang Liu , Liangtao Shi , Zunnan Xu , Yue Hu , Siteng Huang , Yi Xin , Bineng Zhong , Donglin Wang

The ability to fine-tune generative models for text-to-image generation tasks is crucial, particularly facing the complexity involved in accurately interpreting and visualizing textual inputs. While LoRA is efficient for language model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Mohan Zhou , Yalong Bai , Qing Yang , Tiejun Zhao

In Multi-Task Learning (MTL), tasks may compete and limit the performance achieved on each other, rather than guiding the optimization to a solution, superior to all its single-task trained counterparts. Since there is often not a unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Nikolaos Dimitriadis , Pascal Frossard , François Fleuret

Linearization has emerged as a strategy for developing efficient language models (LMs). Starting from an existing Transformer-based LM, linearization replaces the attention component with computationally efficient subquadratic \textit{token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Patrick Haller , Jonas Golde , Alan Akbik

Task arithmetic provides an efficient, training-free way to edit pre-trained models, yet lacks a fundamental theoretical explanation for its success. The existing concept of ``weight disentanglement" describes the ideal outcome of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Shangge Liu , Yuehan Yin , Lei Wang , Qi Fan , Yinghuan Shi , Wenbin Li , Yang Gao , Dacheng Tao

The full potential of large pretrained models remains largely untapped in control domains like robotics. This is mainly because of the scarcity of data and the computational challenges associated with training or fine-tuning these large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zuxin Liu , Jesse Zhang , Kavosh Asadi , Yao Liu , Ding Zhao , Shoham Sabach , Rasool Fakoor

Multi-task model merging offers an efficient solution for integrating knowledge from multiple fine-tuned models, mitigating the significant computational and storage demands associated with multi-task training. As a key technique in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Wen Wang , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

Fine-tuning a pre-trained deep neural network has become a successful paradigm in various machine learning tasks. However, such a paradigm becomes particularly challenging with tabular data when there are discrepancies between the feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Qi-Le Zhou , Han-Jia Ye , Le-Ye Wang , De-Chuan Zhan

While sparse attention mitigates the computational bottleneck of long-context LLM training, its distributed training process exhibits extreme heterogeneity in both \textit{1)} sequence length and \textit{2)} sparsity sensitivity, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Hongtao Xu , Jianchao Tan , Yuxuan Hu , Pengju Lu , Hongyu Wang , Pingwei Sun , Yerui Sun , Yuchen Xie , Xunliang Cai , Mingzhen Li , Weile Jia

This paper proposes a novel approach to address the challenge that pretrained VLA models often fail to effectively improve performance and reduce adaptation costs during standard supervised finetuning (SFT). Some advanced finetuning methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenxuan Song , Han Zhao , Fuhao Li , Ziyang Zhou , Xi Wang , Jing Lyu , Pengxiang Ding , Yan Wang , Donglin Wang , Haoang Li

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale up, their performance on various downstream tasks has significantly improved. However, evaluating their capabilities has become increasingly expensive, as performing inference on a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taolin Zhang , Hang Guo , Wang Lu , Tao Dai , Shu-Tao Xia , Jindong Wang

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are one of the main methods to interpret the inner workings of deep neural networks (DNNs), decomposing activations into higher-dimensional features. However, they exhibit critical shortcomings where a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Michał Brzozowski , Neo Christopher Chung

Image classifiers play a critical role in detecting diseases in medical imaging and identifying anomalies in manufacturing processes. However, their predefined behaviors after extensive training make post hoc model editing difficult,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jaeik Kim , Jaeyoung Do

Multi-task learning, which optimizes performance across multiple tasks, is inherently a multi-objective optimization problem. Various algorithms are developed to provide discrete trade-off solutions on the Pareto front. Recently, continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Weiyu Chen , James T. Kwok