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In this paper, we investigate the critical collapse leading to primordial black hole (PBH) formation in a universe dominated by a self-interacting scalar field with a quartic potential, comparing it to the well-known radiation-dominated…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-15 Luis E. Padilla , Ethan Milligan , David J. Mulryne , Juan Carlos Hidalgo

We numerically study the primordial black hole (PBH) formation by an isocurvature perturbation of a massless scalar field on super Hubble scales in the radiation-dominated universe. As a first step we perform simulations of spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Chul-Moon Yoo , Tomohiro Harada , Shin'ichi Hirano , Hirotada Okawa , Misao Sasaki

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) may have formed in the early Universe due to the collapse of super-horizon curvature fluctuations. Simulations of PBH formation have been essential for inferring the initial conditions that lead to black hole…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-01 Albert Escrivà

Primordial black hole (PBH) formation is a more generic phenomenon than was once thought. The dynamics of a scalar field in inflationary universe can produce PBHs under mild assumptions regarding the scalar potential. In the early universe,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-04 Eric Cotner , Alexander Kusenko , Misao Sasaki , Volodymyr Takhistov

In the model where Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) form from large primordial curvature (C) perturbations, i.e., CPBHs, constraints on PBH abundance provide in principle constraints on the primordial curvature power spectrum. This connection…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-15 Alba Kalaja , Nicola Bellomo , Nicola Bartolo , Daniele Bertacca , Sabino Matarrese , Ilia Musco , Alvise Raccanelli , Licia Verde

Supersymmetric extensions of the standard model generically predict that in the early universe a scalar condensate can form and fragment into Q-balls before decaying. If the Q-balls dominate the energy density for some period of time, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 Eric Cotner , Alexander Kusenko

We study Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) formed by the collapse of rare primordial fluctuations during an early period of Matter Domination. The collapse threshold strongly depends on the shape of the peaks, decreasing as they become flatter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-26 Ehsan Ebrahimian , Ali Akbar Abolhasani , Mehrdad Mirbabayi

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) might have formed in the early Universe as a consequence of the collapse of density fluctuations with an amplitude above a critical value $\delta_{c}$: the formation threshold. Although for a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-12 J. L. G. Sobrinho , P. Augusto , A. L. Gonçalves

We study the formation of asteroid-mass Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) as a dark matter candidate in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. We show that the presence of heavy particles predicted in the Minimal Supersymmetric…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Andrea Boccia , Marco Chianese

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early Universe, for instance during radiation domination, from the collapse of large-amplitude density perturbations shortly after horizon re-entry. This mechanism establishes an approximate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Ashu Kushwaha , Teruaki Suyama

Primordial black holes (PBHs) provide a unique probe of the early Universe and may have an enhanced abundance in bouncing cosmologies, where a long contracting phase can amplify perturbations. We develop a unified framework to study PBH…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-27 Xuan Ye , Luiz Felipe Demetrio , Eduardo Jose Barroso , Shen-Feng Yan , Nelson Pinto-Neto

In this article, we calculate the mass distribution of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the matter-dominated (MD) era by the peak theory. We apply the Zel'dovich approximation to track the nonlinear evolution of overdensities and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Weitao Ye , Yungui Gong , Tomohiro Harada , Zhaofeng Kang , Kazunori Kohri , Daiki Saito , Chul-Moon Yoo

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form in the early universe when pre-existing adiabatic density fluctuations enter into the cosmological horizon and recollapse. It has been suggested that PBH formation may be facilitated when fluctuations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Jedamzik , J. C. Niemeyer

We propose a novel mechanism where Primordial Black Hole (PBH) dark matter is formed much later in the history of the universe between the epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photon decoupling. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-24 Amlan Chakraborty , Prolay K Chanda , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Subinoy Das

In this paper we present a class of models in order to explain the production of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) and Gravitational Waves (GWs) in the Universe. These models are based on no-scale theory. By breaking the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-30 Ioanna D. Stamou

We consider primordial black hole (PBH) production in inflationary $\alpha$-attractors. We discuss two classes of models, namely models with a minimal polynomial superpotential as well as modulated chaotic ones that admit PBHs. We find that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-11 Ioannis Dalianis , Alex Kehagias , George Tringas

In this paper we present a class of potentials derived by no-scale supergravity in order to explain the production of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the Universe. By breaking the SU(2,1)/SU(2)$\times$U(1) symmetry we fix one of the two…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-20 Ioanna D. Stamou

Using the concept of apparent horizon for dynamical black holes, we revisit the formation of primordial black holes (PBH) in the early universe for both linear and non-linear regimes. First, we develop the perturbation theory for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-06-28 Alireza Allahyari , Javad T. Firouzjaee , Ali Akbar Abolhasani

Recently, it has been shown that the primordial black holes (PBHs) produced by near critical collapse in the expanding universe have a scaling mass relation similar to that of black holes produced in asymptotically flat spacetime. Distinct…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Hee Il Kim

See thesis for complete abstract. Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early universe, and there are several mass windows in which their abundance today may be large enough to comprise a significant part of the dark matter density.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-06 Eloy de Jong
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