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Contrastive learning is a powerful self-supervised learning method, but we have a limited theoretical understanding of how it works and why it works. In this paper, we prove that contrastive learning with the standard InfoNCE loss is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Zhiquan Tan , Yifan Zhang , Jingqin Yang , Yang Yuan

In recommender systems, popularity and conformity biases undermine recommender effectiveness by disproportionately favouring popular items, leading to their over-representation in recommendation lists and causing an unbalanced distribution…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zhirong Huang , Shichao Zhang , Debo Cheng , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Guixian Zhang

Collaborative filtering (CF) recommendation has been significantly advanced by integrating Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL). However, (i) random edge perturbations often distort critical structural signals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yixuan Huang , Jiawei Chen , Shengfan Zhang , Zongsheng Cao

Session-based recommendation (SBR) problem, which focuses on next-item prediction for anonymous users, has received increasingly more attention from researchers. Existing graph-based SBR methods all lack the ability to differentiate between…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yuan Cao , Xudong Zhang , Fan Zhang , Feifei Kou , Josiah Poon , Xiongnan Jin , Yongheng Wang , Jinpeng Chen

Rating is a typical user explicit feedback that visually reflects how much a user likes a related item. The (rating) matrix completion is essentially a rating prediction process, which is also a significant problem in recommender systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Xiang Li , Changsheng Shui , Zhongying Zhao , Junyu Dong , Yanwei Yu

Contrastive learning produces coherent semantic feature embeddings by encouraging positive samples to cluster closely while separating negative samples. However, existing contrastive learning methods lack principled guarantees on coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yahya Alkhatib , Wee Peng Tay

Effective properties of composite materials are defined as the ensemble average of property-specific PDE solutions over the underlying microstructure distributions. Traditionally, predicting such properties can be done by solving PDEs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Guangyu Nie , Yang Jiao , Yi Ren

The successful integration of large language models (LLMs) into recommendation systems has proven to be a major breakthrough in recent studies, paving the way for more generic and transferable recommendations. However, LLMs struggle to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Junyan Qiu , Haitao Wang , Zhaolin Hong , Yiping Yang , Qiang Liu , Xingxing Wang

We propose reCSE, a self supervised contrastive learning sentence representation framework based on feature reshaping. This framework is different from the current advanced models that use discrete data augmentation methods, but instead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Fufangchen Zhao , Jian Gao , Danfeng Yan

Contrastive learning has achieved promising performance in the field of multi-view clustering recently. However, the positive and negative sample construction mechanisms ignoring semantic consistency lead to false negative pairs, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Siwen Liu , Jinyan Liu , Hanning Yuan , Qi Li , Jing Geng , Ziqiang Yuan , Huaxu Han

Traditional recommender systems such as matrix factorization methods have primarily focused on learning a shared dense embedding space to represent both items and user preferences. Subsequently, sequence models such as RNN, GRUs, and,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yaoyiran Li , Xiang Zhai , Moustafa Alzantot , Keyi Yu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Mohamed Hammad

The growth of e-commerce has seen a surge in popularity of platforms like Amazon, eBay, and Taobao. This has given rise to a unique shopping behavior involving baskets - sets of items purchased together. As a less studied interaction mode…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Xinrui He , Tianxin Wei , Jingrui He

Contrastive Learning (CL) performances as a rising approach to address the challenge of sparse and noisy recommendation data. Although having achieved promising results, most existing CL methods only perform either hand-crafted data or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Xiuyuan Qin , Huanhuan Yuan , Pengpeng Zhao , Junhua Fang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Guanfeng Liu , Victor Sheng

Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) is a powerful parameter estimation method for log-linear models, which avoids calculation of the partition function or its derivatives at each training step, a computationally demanding step in many cases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Zhuang Ma , Michael Collins

We introduce a novel Pseudo-Negative Regularization (PNR) framework for effective continual self-supervised learning (CSSL). Our PNR leverages pseudo-negatives obtained through model-based augmentation in a way that newly learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Sungmin Cha , Kyunghyun Cho , Taesup Moon

In recent years, self-supervised learning has emerged as a promising approach in addressing the issues of label dependency and poor generalization performance in traditional GNNs. However, existing self-supervised methods have limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Mengyi Yuan , Minjie Chen , Xiang Li

Recently, graph collaborative filtering methods have been proposed as an effective recommendation approach, which can capture users' preference over items by modeling the user-item interaction graphs. In order to reduce the influence of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Zihan Lin , Changxin Tian , Yupeng Hou , Wayne Xin Zhao

Session-based Recommendation (SR) systems have recently achieved considerable success, yet their complex, "black box" nature often obscures why certain recommendations are made. Existing explanation methods struggle to pinpoint truly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Han Zhou , Hui Fang , Zhu Sun , Wentao Hu

Contrastive learning methods, such as CLIP, leverage naturally paired data-for example, images and their corresponding text captions-to learn general representations that transfer efficiently to downstream tasks. While such approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Adriel Saporta , Aahlad Puli , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

Graph neural network (GNN) is a powerful learning approach for graph-based recommender systems. Recently, GNNs integrated with contrastive learning have shown superior performance in recommendation with their data augmentation schemes,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Xuheng Cai , Chao Huang , Lianghao Xia , Xubin Ren