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Although machine learning has transformed protein structure prediction of folded protein ground states with remarkable accuracy, intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs/IDRs) are defined by diverse and dynamical structural…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-01 Oufan Zhang , Zi Hao Liu , Julie D Forman-Kay , Teresa Head-Gordon

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) leverages the three-dimensional geometry of proteins to identify potential drug candidates. Traditional approaches, rooted in physicochemical modeling and domain expertise, are often resource-intensive.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-19 Zaixi Zhang , Jiaxian Yan , Yining Huang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen , Mengdi Wang , Marinka Zitnik

Recently developed deep learning techniques have significantly improved the accuracy of various speech and image recognition systems. In this paper we adapt some of these techniques for protein secondary structure prediction. We first train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Akosua Busia , Jasmine Collins , Navdeep Jaitly

Despite considerable progress, ab initio protein structure prediction remains suboptimal. A crowdsourcing approach is the online puzzle video game Foldit, that provided several useful results that matched or even outperformed…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-09 Dimitra N. Panou , Martin Reczko

We propose a hierarchical protein backbone generative model that separates coarse and fine-grained details. Our approach called LSD consists of two stages: sampling latents which are decoded into a contact map then sampling atomic…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-15 Jason Yim , Marouane Jaakik , Ge Liu , Jacob Gershon , Karsten Kreis , David Baker , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Protein folding neural networks (PFNNs) such as AlphaFold predict remarkably accurate structures of proteins compared to other approaches. However, the robustness of such networks has heretofore not been explored. This is particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Ismail Alkhouri , Sumit Jha , Andre Beckus , George Atia , Alvaro Velasquez , Rickard Ewetz , Arvind Ramanathan , Susmit Jha

Proteins are the fundamental macromolecules that play diverse and crucial roles in all living matter and have tremendous implications in healthcare, manufacturing, and biotechnology. Their functions are largely determined by the sequences…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-17 Boqiao Lai

The computer artificial intelligence system AlphaFold has recently predicted previously unknown three-dimensional structures of thousands of proteins. Focusing on the subset with high-confidence scores, we algorithmically analyze these…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-18 Maarten A. Brems , Robert Runkel , Todd O. Yeates , Peter Virnau

Accurately modeling the protein fitness landscapes holds great importance for protein engineering. Recently, due to their capacity and representation ability, pre-trained protein language models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-06 Ziyi Zhou , Liang Zhang , Yuanxi Yu , Mingchen Li , Liang Hong , Pan Tan

Constructing atomic models from cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps is a crucial yet intricate task in structural biology. While advancements in deep learning, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and graph neural networks…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-01 Xin , Ma , Dong Si

Deep learning has been widely used for protein engineering. However, it is limited by the lack of sufficient experimental data to train an accurate model for predicting the functional fitness of high-order mutants. Here, we develop SESNet,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-10 Mingchen Li , Liqi Kang , Yi Xiong , Yu Guang Wang , Guisheng Fan , Pan Tan , Liang Hong

Predicting accurate protein-ligand binding affinity is important in drug discovery but remains a challenge even with computationally expensive biophysics-based energy scoring methods and state-of-the-art deep learning approaches. Despite…

Models such as AlphaFold2 and OpenFold have transformed protein structure prediction, yet their inner workings remain poorly understood. We present a methodology to systematically evaluate the contribution of individual OpenFold components…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-20 Tyler L. Hayes , Giri P. Krishnan

The AlphaFold Protein Structure Database (AFDB) offers unparalleled structural coverage at near-experimental accuracy, positioning it as a valuable resource for data-driven protein design. However, its direct use in training deep models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Cheng Tan , Zhenxiao Cao , Zhangyang Gao , Siyuan Li , Yufei Huang , Stan Z. Li

The cornerstone of computational drug design is the calculation of binding affinity between two biological counterparts, especially a chemical compound, i.e., a ligand, and a protein. Predicting the strength of protein-ligand binding with…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-04 Yanjun Li , Mohammad A. Rezaei , Chenglong Li , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

Diffusion models offer a powerful means of capturing the manifold of realistic protein structures, enabling rapid design for protein engineering tasks. However, existing approaches observe critical failure modes when precise constraints are…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-27 Jacob K. Christopher , Austin Seamann , Jingyi Cui , Sagar Khare , Ferdinando Fioretto

Inverse Protein Folding (IPF) is a critical subtask in the field of protein design, aiming to engineer amino acid sequences capable of folding correctly into a specified three-dimensional (3D) conformation. Although substantial progress has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yanting Li , Jiyue Jiang , Zikang Wang , Ziqian Lin , Dongchen He , Yuheng Shan , Yanruisheng Shao , Jiayi Li , Xiangyu Shi , Jiuming Wang , Yanyu Chen , Yimin Fan , Han Li , Yu Li

Applying deep learning concepts from image detection and graph theory has greatly advanced protein-ligand binding affinity prediction, a challenge with enormous ramifications for both drug discovery and protein engineering. We build upon…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-05 Gregory W. Kyro , Rafael I. Brent , Victor S. Batista

The field of protein folding research has been greatly advanced by deep learning methods, with AlphaFold2 (AF2) demonstrating exceptional performance and atomic-level precision. As co-evolution is integral to protein structure prediction,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-06 Le Zhang , Jiayang Chen , Tao Shen , Yu Li , Siqi Sun