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The resource overhead required to achieve net computational benefits from quantum error correction (QEC) limits its utility while current systems remain constrained in size, despite exceptional progress in experimental demonstrations. In…

Grover's search algorithm is one of the first quantum algorithms to exhibit a provable quantum advantage. It forms the backbone of numerous quantum applications and is widely used in benchmarking efforts. Here, we report…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-10 Bibek Pokharel , Daniel Lidar

Realizing the potential of quantum computing will require achieving sufficiently low logical error rates. Many applications call for error rates in the $10^{-15}$ regime, but state-of-the-art quantum platforms typically have physical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-19 Zijun Chen , Kevin J. Satzinger , Juan Atalaya , Alexander N. Korotkov , Andrew Dunsworth , Daniel Sank , Chris Quintana , Matt McEwen , Rami Barends , Paul V. Klimov , Sabrina Hong , Cody Jones , Andre Petukhov , Dvir Kafri , Sean Demura , Brian Burkett , Craig Gidney , Austin G. Fowler , Harald Putterman , Igor Aleiner , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Ryan Babbush , Joseph C. Bardin , Andreas Bengtsson , Alexandre Bourassa , Michael Broughton , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Nicholas Bushnell , Benjamin Chiaro , Roberto Collins , William Courtney , Alan R. Derk , Daniel Eppens , Catherine Erickson , Edward Farhi , Brooks Foxen , Marissa Giustina , Jonathan A. Gross , Matthew P. Harrigan , Sean D. Harrington , Jeremy Hilton , Alan Ho , Trent Huang , William J. Huggins , L. B. Ioffe , Sergei V. Isakov , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Seon Kim , Fedor Kostritsa , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Erik Lucero , Orion Martin , Jarrod R. McClean , Trevor McCourt , Xiao Mi , Kevin C. Miao , Masoud Mohseni , Wojciech Mruczkiewicz , Josh Mutus , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Michael Newman , Murphy Yuezhen Niu , Thomas E. O'Brien , Alex Opremcak , Eric Ostby , Bálint Pató , Nicholas Redd , Pedram Roushan , Nicholas C. Rubin , Vladimir Shvarts , Doug Strain , Marco Szalay , Matthew D. Trevithick , Benjamin Villalonga , Theodore White , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Adam Zalcman , Hartmut Neven , Sergio Boixo , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Yu Chen , Anthony Megrant , Julian Kelly

Most quantum gate errors can be characterized by two error models, namely the probabilistic error model and the Kraus error model. We proved that for a quantum circuit with either of those two models or a mix of both, the propagation error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Ziang Yu , Yingzhou Li

Numerical simulation of continuous variable quantum state preparation is a necessary tool for optimization of existing quantum information processing protocols. A powerful instrument for such simulation is the numerical computation in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-10 Jan Provazník , Radim Filip , Petr Marek

An important class of physical systems that are of interest in practice are input-output open quantum systems that can be described by quantum stochastic differential equations and defined on an infinite-dimensional underlying Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-26 O. Techakesari , H. I. Nurdin

Quantum performance simulators can provide practical metrics for the effectiveness of executing theoretical quantum information processing protocols on physical hardware. In this work we present a scheme to simulate the performance of fault…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-05 Andre Van Rynbach , Ahsan Muhammad , Abhijit C. Mehta , Jeffrey Hussmann , Jungsang Kim

Fault-tolerant (FT) computation by using quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing large-scale quantum algorithms. Devices are expected to have enough qubits to demonstrate aspects of fault tolerance in the near future.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Lingling Lao , Carmen G. Almudever

Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) is essential to implement quantum algorithms in a noise-resilient way, and thus to enjoy advantages of quantum computers even with presence of noise. In FTQC, a quantum circuit is decomposed into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Kohdai Kuroiwa , Yuya O. Nakagawa

In this paper, I design a new statistical abstract model for studying quantum error propagation. For each circuit, I give the algorithm to construct the Error propagation space-time graph(\textbf{EPSTG}) graph as well as the bipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-29 Zhuoyang Ye

Distributed quantum computation is often proposed to increase the scalability of quantum hardware, as it reduces cooperative noise and requisite connectivity by sharing quantum information between distant quantum devices. However, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Abigail McClain Gomez , Taylor L. Patti , Anima Anandkumar , Susanne F. Yelin

The encoding of lattice gauge theories onto quantum computers requires a discretization of the gauge field's Hilbert space on each link, which presents errors with respect to the Kogut--Susskind limit. In the electric basis, Hilbert space…

Quantum computers hold the promise of solving computational problems which are intractable using conventional methods. For fault-tolerant operation quantum computers must correct errors occurring due to unavoidable decoherence and limited…

A key requirement for scalable quantum computing is that elementary quantum gates can be implemented with sufficiently low error. One method for determining the error behavior of a gate implementation is to perform process tomography.…

Generic quantum search algorithm searches for target entity in an unsorted database by repeatedly applying canonical Grover's quantum rotation transform to reach near the vicinity of the target entity. Thus, upon measurement, there is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-15 Ashish Mani , C. Patvardhan

Grover's quantum search and its generalization, quantum amplitude amplification, provide quadratic advantage over classical algorithms for a diverse set of tasks, but are tricky to use without knowing beforehand what fraction $\lambda$ of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-26 Theodore J. Yoder , Guang Hao Low , Isaac L. Chuang

Medium-scale quantum devices that integrate about hundreds of physical qubits are likely to be developed in the near future. However, such devices will lack the resources for realizing quantum fault tolerance. Therefore, the main challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-24 Chao Song , Jing Cui , H. Wang , J. Hao , H. Feng , Ying Li

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) provides a practical route for estimating reliable observables on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Traditional QEM strategies, including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Huaxin Wang , Xinge Wu , Jiajun Liu , Ruiqing He , Jiandong Shang , Hengliang Guo , Qiang Chen

Current approaches to fault-tolerant quantum computation will not enable useful quantum computation on near-term devices of 50 to 100 qubits. Leading proposals, such as the color code and surface code schemes, must devote a large fraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Peter D. Johnson , Jonathan Romero , Jonathan Olson , Yudong Cao , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Characterizing and mitigating errors in current noisy intermediate-scale devices is important to improve performance of next generations of quantum hardware. In order to investigate the importance of the different noise mechanisms affecting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Gabriele Cenedese , Giuliano Benenti , Maria Bondani