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This study examines various feature extraction techniques in computer vision, the primary focus of which is on Vision Transformers (ViTs) and other approaches such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), deep feature models, traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Venant Niyonkuru , Sylla Sekou , Jimmy Jackson Sinzinkayo

With the advent of large pre-trained transformer models, fine-tuning these models for various downstream tasks is a critical problem. Paucity of training data, the existence of data silos, and stringent privacy constraints exacerbate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Naif Alkhunaizi , Faris Almalik , Rouqaiah Al-Refai , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar

This paper provides a simple solution for reliably solving image classification tasks tied to spatial locations of salient objects in the scene. Unlike conventional image classification approaches that are designed to be invariant to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Akshay Rangesh , Mohan M. Trivedi

Recent generative models demonstrate impressive performance on synthesizing photographic images, which makes humans hardly to distinguish them from pristine ones, especially on realistic-looking synthetic facial images. Previous works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Hao Wang , Cheng Deng , Zhidong Zhao

Referring image segmentation (RIS) aims to precisely segment referents in images through corresponding natural language expressions, yet relying on cost-intensive mask annotations. Weakly supervised RIS thus learns from image-text pairs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Qiyuan Dai , Sibei Yang

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) presents a significant challenge as it requires jointly understanding a reference image and a modified textual instruction to find relevant target images. Some existing methods attempt to use a two-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Jun Li , Hongjian Dou , Zhenyu Zhang , Kai Li , Shaoguo Liu , Tingting Gao

Composed image retrieval (CIR) is the task of retrieving specific images by using a query that involves both a reference image and a relative caption. Most existing CIR models adopt the late-fusion strategy to combine visual and language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yang Bai , Xinxing Xu , Yong Liu , Salman Khan , Fahad Khan , Wangmeng Zuo , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Chun-Mei Feng

Prompts have been proven to play a crucial role in large language models, and in recent years, vision models have also been using prompts to improve scalability for multiple downstream tasks. In this paper, we focus on adapting prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Zhenxiang Xiao , Yuzhong Chen , Lu Zhang , Junjie Yao , Zihao Wu , Xiaowei Yu , Yi Pan , Lin Zhao , Chong Ma , Xinyu Liu , Wei Liu , Xiang Li , Yixuan Yuan , Dinggang Shen , Dajiang Zhu , Tianming Liu , Xi Jiang

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) is a challenging task that aims to retrieve the target image with a multimodal query, i.e., a reference image, and its complementary modification text. As previous supervised or zero-shot learning paradigms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Bohan Hou , Haoqiang Lin , Haokun Wen , Meng Liu , Mingzhu Xu , Xuemeng Song

Fine-grained image retrieval (FGIR) is to learn visual representations that distinguish visually similar objects while maintaining generalization. Existing methods propose to generate discriminative features, but rarely consider the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Xin Jiang , Hao Tang , Rui Yan , Jinhui Tang , Zechao Li

Attention mechanisms have attracted considerable interest in image captioning because of its powerful performance. Existing attention-based models use feedback information from the caption generator as guidance to determine which of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Zhihao Zhu , Zhan Xue , Zejian Yuan

Occluded person re-identification is a challenging task as human body parts could be occluded by some obstacles (e.g. trees, cars, and pedestrians) in certain scenes. Some existing pose-guided methods solve this problem by aligning body…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Tao Wang , Hong Liu , Pinhao Song , Tianyu Guo , Wei Shi

Image retrieval remains a challenging task due to the complex interaction between human visual perception, memory, and computational processes. Current image search engines often struggle to efficiently retrieve images based on natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg

Pretrained Vision Transformers (ViTs) such as DINOv2 and MAE provide generic image features that can be applied to a variety of downstream tasks such as retrieval, classification, and segmentation. However, such representations tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jona Ruthardt , Manu Gaur , Deva Ramanan , Makarand Tapaswi , Yuki M. Asano

Vision transformer (ViT) expands the success of transformer models from sequential data to images. The model decomposes an image into many smaller patches and arranges them into a sequence. Multi-head self-attentions are then applied to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Yiran Li , Junpeng Wang , Xin Dai , Liang Wang , Chin-Chia Michael Yeh , Yan Zheng , Wei Zhang , Kwan-Liu Ma

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) is a challenging image retrieval paradigm. It aims to retrieve target images from large-scale image databases that are consistent with the modification semantics, based on a multimodal query composed of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mingyu Zhang , Zixu Li , Zhiwei Chen , Zhiheng Fu , Xiaowei Zhu , Jiajia Nie , Yinwei Wei , Yupeng Hu

Vision Transformer (ViT) models have recently emerged as powerful and versatile models for various visual tasks. Recently, a work called PMF has achieved promising results in few-shot image classification by utilizing pre-trained vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Junjie Zhu , Yiying Li , Chunping Qiu , Ke Yang , Naiyang Guan , Xiaodong Yi

Vision Transformer (ViT) self-attention mechanism is characterized by feature collapse in deeper layers, resulting in the vanishing of low-level visual features. However, such features can be helpful to accurately represent and identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Anxhelo Diko , Danilo Avola , Marco Cascio , Luigi Cinque

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong performance in multi-image cross-modal retrieval, yet suffer from severe position bias, where predictions are dominated by input order rather than semantic relevance. Through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Mingtao Xian , Yifeng Yang , Qinying Gu , Xinbing Wang , Nanyang Ye

The pre-trained foundation models (PFMs) have become essential for facilitating large-scale multimodal learning. Researchers have effectively employed the ``pre-train, prompt, and predict'' paradigm through prompt learning to induce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Xiang Chen , Yixin Ou , Quan Feng , Lei Li , Piji Li , Haibo Ye , Sheng-Jun Huang , Shuofei Qiao , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang