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The measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ plays a central role in modern cosmology. In this work, we investigate the potential of strongly lensed gravitational-wave (SLGW) signals from massive binary black hole mergers to constrain $H_0$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Yong Yuan , Minghui Du , Wen-Fan Feng , Benyang Zhu , Qing Diao , Peng Xu , Xilong Fan

Strongly lensed supernovae (glSNe) provide a powerful, independent method to measure the Hubble constant, $H_{0}$, through time delays between their multiple images. The accuracy of this measurement depends critically on both the precision…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-05 Yushan Xie , Huanyuan Shan , Yiping Shu , Nan Li , Ji Yao , Ran Li , Xiaoyue Cao , Zizhao He , Yin Li , Eric Jullo , Jean-Paul Kneib , Guoliang Li

In recent years, breakthroughs in methods and data have enabled gravitational time delays to emerge as a very powerful tool to measure the Hubble constant $H_0$. However, published state-of-the-art analyses require of order 1 year of expert…

Time-delay cosmography uses strong gravitational lensing of a time-variable source to infer the Hubble Constant. The measurement is independent from both traditional distance ladder and CMB measurements. An accurate measurement with this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-16 Patrick Wells , Christopher D. Fassnacht , C. E. Rusu

We present a detailed strong lensing analysis of an HST/ACS legacy dataset for the first gravitational lens, Q0957+561. With deep imaging we identify 24 new strongly lensed features, which we use to constrain mass models. We model the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Ross Fadely , Charles R. Keeton , Reiko Nakajima , Gary M. Bernstein

Strongly lensed explosive transients such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, fast radio bursts, and gravitational waves are very promising tools to determine the Hubble constant ($H_0$) in the near future in addition to strongly lensed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-11 Xuheng Ding , Kai Liao , Simon Birrer , Anowar J. Shajib , Tommaso Treu , Lilan Yang

Aims: To predict time delays for a sample of gravitationally lensed quasars and to evaluate the accuracy that can be realistically achieved on the value of H_0. Methods: We consider 14 lensed quasars that are candidates for time-delay…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. Saha , F. Courbin , D. Sluse , S. Dye , G. Meylan

Strong gravitational lensing provides a natural opportunity to test General Relativity (GR). We propose a model-independent method for simultaneous constraining on Hubble constant ($H_0$) and post-Newtonian parameter (${\gamma_{\rm{PPN}}}$)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-30 Tonghua Liu , Kai Liao

Time delay cosmography uses the arrival time delays between images in strong gravitational lenses to measure cosmological parameters, in particular the Hubble constant $H_0$. The lens models used in time delay cosmography omit dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Daniel Gilman , Simon Birrer , Tommaso Treu

The four observables associated with gravitational lensing of distant quasars by intervening galaxies: image splittings, relative amplifications, time delays, and optical depths, provide separate measures of the strength of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 Lawrence Krauss , Martin White

In light of the newly opened and rapidly growing gravitational waves window in multi-messenger astronomy, in order to fully take advantage of the new opportunities we are provided with, new ideas are required for a better and deeper employ…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-06 Paolo Cremonese , Vincenzo Salzano

We investigate the possibility of measuring the Hubble constant, the fractional energy density components and the equation of state parameter of the ``dark energy'' using lensed multiple images of high-redshift supernovae. With future…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Goobar , E. Mortsell , R. Amanullah , P. Nugent

An attempt to measure the Hubble constant with gravitational lens time delays is often limited by the strong degeneracy between radial mass profiles of lens galaxies and the Hubble constant. We show that strong gravitational lensing of type…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masamune Oguri , Yozo Kawano

We present a unified Bayesian framework to jointly constrain the Hubble constant $H_0$ and the post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma$, a key probe of deviations from general relativity, using the population characteristics of strongly lensed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-15 Xinguang Ying , Tao Yang

Strong gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics provide two complementary and orthogonal constraints on the density profiles of galaxies. Based on spherically symmetric, scale-free, mass models, it is shown that the combination of both…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. V. E. Koopmans

The Hubble constant, $H_0$, which is a crucial parameter in astrophysics and cosmology, is under significant tension. We explore an independent technique to measure $H_0$ based on the time-delay cosmography with strong gravitational lensing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-13 Yuting Liu , Masamune Oguri

We present a measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_{0}$) and other cosmological parameters from a joint analysis of six gravitationally lensed quasars with measured time delays. All lenses except the first are analyzed blindly with respect…

Recently, there have been two landmark discoveries of gravitationally lensed supernovae: the first multiply-imaged SN, "Refsdal", and the first Type Ia SN resolved into multiple images, SN iPTF16geu. Fitting the multiple light curves of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-27 Justin R. Pierel , Steven A. Rodney

While time-delay lenses can be an independent probe of $H_0$ the estimates are degenerate with the convergence of the lens near the Einstein radius. Velocity dispersions, $\sigma$, can be used to break the degeneracy, with uncertainties…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-05 R. Forés-Toribio , C. S. Kochanek , J. A. Muñoz

The potential of gravitational lenses for providing direct, physical measurements of the Hubble constant, free from systematic errors associated with the traditional distance ladder, has long been recognized. However, it is only recently…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roger D. Blandford , Tomislav Kundic