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Gravitational wave observations have significantly broadened our capacity to explore fundamental physics beyond the Standard Model, providing crucial insights into dark matter that are inaccessible through conventional methods. Here, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-21 Jeong Han Kim , Xing-Yu Yang

Superradiant instabilities can trigger the formation of bosonic clouds around rotating black holes. If the bosonic field growth is sufficiently fast, these clouds could form shortly after a binary black hole merger. Such clouds are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-28 Shrobana Ghosh , Emanuele Berti , Richard Brito , Mauricio Richartz

The gravitational waves emitted by massive black hole binaries can be affected by a variety of environmental effects, which, if detected, could inform astrophysics and cosmology. We here study how gravitational waves emitted by black holes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Tomás Ferreira Chase , Diana López Nacir , Nicolás Yunes

Gravitational waves from precessing binary black holes exhibit new features that are absent in non-precessionary systems. All current waveform models take into account only the modulation of the signal due to precession. In this letter, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-22 Cheng Zhang , Wen-Biao Han , Shu-Cheng Yang

Rotating black holes can produce superradiant clouds of ultralight bosons. When the black hole is part of a binary system, its cloud can undergo resonances and ionization. These processes leave a distinct signature on the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-19 Giovanni Maria Tomaselli , Thomas F. M. Spieksma , Gianfranco Bertone

Ultralight bosons are predicted in many extensions to the Standard Model and are popular dark matter candidates. The black hole superradiance mechanism allows for these particles to be probed using only their gravitational interaction. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-26 Dana Jones , Ling Sun , Nils Siemonsen , William E. East , Susan M. Scott , Karl Wette

Superradiant clouds may develop around a rotating black hole, if there is a bosonic field with Compton wavelength comparable to the size of the black hole. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the cloud on the orbits of nearby…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-04 Jun Zhang , Huan Yang

We show that the existence of clouds of ultralight particles surrounding black holes during their cosmological history as members of a binary system can leave a measurable imprint on the distribution of masses and orbital eccentricities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-18 Mateja Bošković , Matthias Koschnitzke , Rafael A. Porto

Light bosons can form a gravitational atom (GA) around a spinning black hole through the superradiance process. Considering the black hole to be part of a binary system, the tidal potential of the companion periodically perturbs the GA such…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-13 Antonios Kyriazis , Fengwei Yang

Ultralight bosons can induce superradiant instabilities in spinning black holes, tapping their rotational energy to trigger the growth of a bosonic condensate. Possible observational imprints of these boson clouds include (i) direct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-05 Richard Brito , Shrobana Ghosh , Enrico Barausse , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso , Irina Dvorkin , Antoine Klein , Paolo Pani

The detection of gravitational waves from the merger of binary black holes by the LIGO Collaboration has opened a new window to astrophysics. With the sensitivities of ground based detectors in the coming years we can only detect the local…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-28 Ilias Cholis

We study the imprints of new ultralight particles on the gravitational-wave signals emitted by binary black holes. Superradiant instabilities may create large clouds of scalar or vector fields around rotating black holes. The presence of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-22 Daniel Baumann , Horng Sheng Chia , Rafael A. Porto , John Stout

Ultralight bosons can be excited around spinning black holes via black hole superradiance. These boson clouds may play an important role in the orbital evolution of binary black holes. In this work, we investigate the formation and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-03 Ao Guo , Qi-Yan Zhang , Huan Yang , Jun Zhang

Gravitational waves are expected to be radiated by supermassive black hole binaries formed during galaxy mergers. A stochastic superposition of gravitational waves from all such binary systems will modulate the arrival times of pulses from…

Gravitational wave observation has the potential of probing ultralight bosonic fields such as axion. Axion forms a cloud around a rotating black hole (BH) by superradiant instability and should affect the gravitational waveform from binary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-20 Takuya Takahashi , Takahiro Tanaka

Motivated by possible existence of string axions with ultralight masses, we study gravitational radiation from an axion cloud around a rotating black hole (BH). The axion cloud extracts the rotation energy of the BH by superradiant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-05 Hirotaka Yoshino , Hideo Kodama

Ultralight bosons, which are predicted in a variety of beyond-Standard-Model scenarios as dark-matter candidates, can trigger the superradiant instability around spinning black holes. This instability gives rise to oscillating boson…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-28 Leo Tsukada , Richard Brito , William E. East , Nils Siemonsen

Bosonic fields (within suitable mass range) may be collectively generated by rotating black holes through the black hole superradiance process. The resulting black hole is surrounded by a ``cloud" of particles whose wave function populates…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-11 Ao Guo , Jun Zhang , Huan Yang

Ultralight scalar fields around spinning black holes can trigger superradiant instabilities, forming a long-lived bosonic condensate outside the horizon. We use numerical solutions of the perturbed field equations and astrophysical models…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-05 Richard Brito , Shrobana Ghosh , Enrico Barausse , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso , Irina Dvorkin , Antoine Klein , Paolo Pani

We derive the gravitational waveform from the collapse of a rapidly rotating supermassive star (SMS) core leading directly to a seed of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in axisymmetric numerical-relativity simulations. We find that the peak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-03 Masaru Shibata , Yuichiro Sekiguchi , Haruki Uchida , Hideyuki Umeda