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Extending Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) faces a fundamental challenge: their responses inherently interleave perception-related tokens, which ground visual content, with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jinda Lu , Junkang Wu , Jinghan Li , Kexin Huang , Shuo Yang , Guoyin Wang , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in the development of large vision-language models (LVLMs). Benefiting from the strong language backbones and efficient cross-modal alignment strategies, LVLMs exhibit surprising capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Zejun Li , Ye Wang , Mengfei Du , Qingwen Liu , Binhao Wu , Jiwen Zhang , Chengxing Zhou , Zhihao Fan , Jie Fu , Jingjing Chen , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Recent work has improved language models (LMs) remarkably by equipping them with a non-parametric memory component. However, most existing approaches only introduce mem-ories at testing time or represent them using a separately trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Zexuan Zhong , Tao Lei , Danqi Chen

Adapting large language models (LLMs) for personalized recommendation requires aligning their general-purpose capabilities with user-specific preferences while effectively leveraging both behavioral and semantic signals. Existing approaches…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pingjun Pan , Tingting Zhou , Peiyao Lu , Tingting Fei , Hongxiang Chen , Chuanjiang Luo

Many commercial Large Language Models (LLMs) are often closed-source, limiting developers to prompt tuning for aligning content generation with specific applications. While these models currently do not provide access to token logits, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Gaurush Hiranandani , Haolun Wu , Subhojyoti Mukherjee , Sanmi Koyejo

Continued pre-training of small language models offers a promising path for domain adaptation with limited computational resources. I've investigated this approach within educational domains, evaluating it as a resource-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Salman Faroz

Pretrained language models have become the standard approach for many NLP tasks due to strong performance, but they are very expensive to train. We propose a simple and efficient learning framework, TLM, that does not rely on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Xingcheng Yao , Yanan Zheng , Xiaocong Yang , Zhilin Yang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened new avenues for sequential recommendation by enabling natural language reasoning over user behavior sequences. A common approach formulates recommendation as a language modeling…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yu Wang , Yonghui Yang , Le Wu , Yi Zhang , Fei Liu , Richang Hong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent performance in general language understanding, generation and other tasks. However, when fine-tuning for specific domain tasks, the general knowledge accumulated in the pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weijie Wan , Jiangjiang Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in general scenarios. Instruction finetuning empowers them to align with humans in various tasks. Nevertheless, the Diversity and Quality of the instruction data remain two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xingyuan Pan , Luyang Huang , Liyan Kang , Zhicheng Liu , Yu Lu , Shanbo Cheng

Temporal reasoning in multi-session dialogues presents a significant challenge which has been under-studied in previous temporal reasoning benchmarks. To bridge this gap, we propose a new evaluation task for temporal reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yubin Ge , Salvatore Romeo , Jason Cai , Raphael Shu , Monica Sunkara , Yassine Benajiba , Yi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in highly-specialized domains, however challenges are still present in aspects of accuracy and costs. These limitations restrict the usage of existing models in domain-specific tasks. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Iftach Arbel , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Pre-training state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) requires vast amounts of clean and diverse text data. While the open development of large high-quality English pre-training datasets has seen substantial recent progress, training…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains, with data playing a central role in enabling these advances. Despite this success, the preparation and effective utilization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hao Liang , Zhengyang Zhao , Zhaoyang Han , Meiyi Qiang , Xiaochen Ma , Bohan Zeng , Qifeng Cai , Zhiyu Li , Linpeng Tang , Weinan E , Wentao Zhang

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has opened new possibilities for their adoption as evaluative judges. This paper introduces Themis, a fine-tuned LLM judge that delivers sophisticated context-aware evaluations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Renjun Hu , Yi Cheng , Libin Meng , Jiaxin Xia , Yi Zong , Xing Shi , Wei Lin

Recent studies have revealed the intriguing few-shot learning ability of pretrained language models (PLMs): They can quickly adapt to a new task when fine-tuned on a small amount of labeled data formulated as prompts, without requiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Yu Meng , Martin Michalski , Jiaxin Huang , Yu Zhang , Tarek Abdelzaher , Jiawei Han

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has led to remarkable performances across various domains. However, this progress is accompanied by a substantial surge in the resource consumption of these models. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Dingjie Song , Wenjun Wang , Shunian Chen , Xidong Wang , Michael Guan , Benyou Wang

Lightweight Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are indispensable for resource-constrained applications. The prevailing approach to aligning vision and language models involves freezing both the vision encoder and the language model while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuanze Hu , Zhaoxin Fan , Xinyu Wang , Gen Li , Ye Qiu , Zhichao Yang , Wenjun Wu , Kejian Wu , Yifan Sun , Xiaotie Deng , Jin Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pretrained on massive datasets and later instruction-tuned via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). Best practices emphasize large, diverse pretraining data, whereas post-training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Adel Javanmard , Baharan Mirzasoleiman , Vahab Mirrokni

Previous work on augmenting large multimodal models (LMMs) for text-to-image (T2I) generation has focused on enriching the input space of in-context learning (ICL). This includes providing a few demonstrations and optimizing image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yongyu Mu , Hengyu Li , Junxin Wang , Xiaoxuan Zhou , Chenglong Wang , Yingfeng Luo , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Guocheng Chen , Jingbo Zhu