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The state of charge (SoC) and the rate of charging/discharging current are the vital parameters associated with a battery by which its accurate runtime can be estimated. This paper aims to design a controller which comprises of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-26 P. Dinesh , K. Kumar Teja , Shashank Singh , Selvan M. P. , Moorthi S

Parameterisation of coupled degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries is a major challenge. Interactions between the mechanisms depend on usage conditions: C-rate, rest state-of-charge (SoC), depth-of-discharge (DoD) and temperature.…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-13 Ganesh Madabattula

Accurate prediction of battery performance under various ageing conditions is necessary for reliable and stable battery operations. Due to complex battery degradation mechanisms, estimating the accurate ageing level and ageing-dependent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-24 Tushar Desai , Riccardo M. G. Ferrari

Accurate co-estimations of battery states, such as state-of-charge (SOC), state-of-health (SOH,) and remaining useful life (RUL), are crucial to the battery management systems to assure safe and reliable management. Although the external…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-24 Ningbo Cai , Yuwen Qin , Xin Chen , Kai Wu

Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries remains a critical bottleneck for widespread adoption of electric vehicles and stationary energy storage systems, as improperly designed fast charging can accelerate battery degradation and shorten…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Meng Yuan , Changfu Zou

Lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly omnipresent in energy supply. However, the durability of energy storage using lithium-ion batteries is threatened by their dropping capacity with the growing number of charging/discharging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hanbing Liu , Yanru Wu , Yang Li , Ercan E. Kuruoglu , Xuan Zhang

Being able to predict battery internal states that are related to battery degradation is a key aspect to improve battery lifetime and performance, enhancing cleaner electric transportation and energy generation. However, most present…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Iker Lopetegi , Sergio Fernandez , Gregory L. Plett , M. Scott Trimboli , Unai Iraola

Accurately predicting the state of charge of Lithium-ion batteries is essential to the performance of battery management systems of electric vehicles. One of the main reasons for the slow global adoption of electric cars is driving range…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Hadeel Aboueidah , Abdulrahman Altahhan

The open circuit voltage to the state of charge (OCVSOC) characteristic is crucial for battery management systems. Using the OCV-SOC curve, the SOC and the battery capacity can be estimated in real-time. Accurate SOC and capacity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Prarthana Pillai , James Nguyen , Balakumar Balasingam

This paper investigates the state estimation of a high-fidelity spatially resolved thermal- electrochemical lithium-ion battery model commonly referred to as the pseudo two-dimensional model. The partial-differential algebraic equations…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-08-04 A. M. Bizeray , S. Zhao , S. R. Duncan , D. A. Howey

Estimating cell-to-cell variation (CtCV) and state of health (SoH) for battery modules composed of parallel-connected cells is challenging when only module-level signals are measurable and individual cell behaviors remain unobserved.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Qinan Zhou , Jing Sun

The state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries needs to be accurately estimated for safety and reliability purposes. For battery packs made of a large number of cells, it is not always feasible to design one SOC estimator per cell due…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Mira Khalil , Romain Postoyan , Stéphane Raël , Dragan Nešić

Accurate estimation of state of health (SOH) is critical for battery applications. Current model-based SOH estimation methods typically rely on low C-rate constant current tests to extract health parameters like solid phase volume fraction…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-21 Rui Huang , Jackson Fogelquist , Xinfan Lin

Monitoring battery health is essential for ensuring safe and efficient operation. However, there is an inherent trade-off between assessment speed and diagnostic depth-specifically, between rapid overall health estimation and precise…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Xubo Gu , Xun Huan , Yao Ren , Wenqing Zhou , Weiran Jiang , Ziyou Song

It is of extreme importance to monitor and manage the battery health to enhance the performance and decrease the maintenance cost of operating electric vehicles. This paper concerns the machine-learning-enabled state-of-health (SoH)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Matti Huotari , Shashank Arora , Avleen Malhi , Kary Främling

Health evaluation for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) typically relies on constant charging/discharging protocols, often neglecting scenarios involving dynamic current profiles prevalent in electric vehicles. Conventional health indicators for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 J. C. Chen

Since the internal temperature is less accessible than surface temperature, there is an urgent need to develop accurate and real-time estimation algorithms for better thermal management and safety. This work presents a novel framework for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-15 Yusheng Zheng , Wenxue Liu , Yunhong Che , Ferdinand Grimm , Jingyuan Zhao , Xiaosong Hu , Simona Onori , Remus Teodorescu , Gregory J. Offer

Lithium-ion batteries have become an indispensable part of human industrial production and daily life. For the safe use, management and maintenance of lithium-ion batteries, the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries is an important…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Chenyu Jia , Guangshu Xia , Yuanhao Shi , Jianfang Jia , Jie Wen , Jianchao Zeng

Lithium-ion batteries degrade due to usage and exposure to environmental conditions, which affects their capability to store energy and supply power. Accurately predicting the capacity and power fade of lithium-ion battery cells is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-28 Weihan Li , Haotian Zhang , Bruis van Vlijmen , Philipp Dechent , Dirk Uwe Sauer

This paper presents a comprehensive review of AI-driven prognostics for State of Health (SoH) prediction in lithium-ion batteries. We compare the effectiveness of various AI algorithms, including FFNN, LSTM, and BiLSTM, across multiple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Tianqi Ding , Dawei Xiang , Tianyao Sun , YiJiashum Qi , Zunduo Zhao